| 单词 | Reasonable suspicion |
| 释义 | 合理懷疑 An objective suspicion that would lead an impartial observer to believe than individual is the perpetrator or involved in a crime or tort or any other matter which is outside the boundaries of the law. Reasonable suspicion can exist at quite an early stage but it must be more than a mere possibility: Chan Sze-shing v A-G [1980] HKLR 550 (CA). Reasonable suspicion also presupposes the existence of some facts which would justify an independent observer coming to the conclusion that the person concerned might have committed the offence, although what might be recognised as such would depend on all the circumstances: Fox, Campbell and Hartley v The UK (1990) 13 EHRR 157. A police officer may arrest without a warrant any person who he reasonably believes will be charged with or whom he reasonably suspects of being guilty of any offence: Police Force Ordinance (Cap 232) s 50(1). The determination of whether reasonable grounds exist for the suspicion is an objective test and the fact that an officer may have an honest belief in facts which would justify an arrest does not inevitably mean that the belief is reasonable: R v Hung Hing-tong [1985] 1 HKC 172. In order to establish a reasonable suspicion, it is not necessary that the officer have a prima facie case against the suspect (R v Cheng Chun Wo [1989] 1 HKLR 600) and he may be arrested even if further enquiries are required (A-G & Ors v Ho Shek Kwan [1980] HKLR 64, 1 HKC 294). 會引致不偏私的旁觀者相信有關的個人是犯罪者，或涉及罪行或民事侵權或任何其他不屬於法律範圍的事宜的客觀的懷疑。合理懷疑可在頗為早期的階段存在，但必須較僅僅的可能性為多：Chan Sze-shing v A-G [1980] HKLR 550（上訴法庭）。儘管可被確認的罪行會視乎所有的情況，合理懷疑預先假定若干事實的存在，即會證明獨立旁觀者達致有關人士可能已犯有關罪行的結論為正當的事實：Fox, Campbell and Hartley v The UK (時代雜誌，1990年10月16日) 。警務人員可在沒有拘捕令的情況下拘捕任何他合理地相信會被控任何罪行的人，或拘捕任何他合理地懷疑犯了任何罪行的人：《警隊條例》(第 232章)第50(1)條。決定合理懷疑是否有合理理由的問題是客觀的測試及警務人員可能真誠地相信會證明有關的逮捕為正當的事實，並不無可避免地表示有關的信念屬於合理: R v Hung Hing-tong [1985] 1 HKC 172。為確立合理懷疑，無須證明有關的警務人員有表面的案針對受疑人(R v Cheng Chun Wo [1989] 1 HKLR 600)及即使須要進一步的查詢，他可被拘捕 (A-G v Ho Shek Kwan [1980] HKLR 890, HKC 294)。 |
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