| 单词 | Recital |
| 释义 | 敘文 Part of a document, such as a deed or an award, which states facts and circumstances relevant to the making of the document, to explain or give context to its contents. Recitals are usually found in wills and deeds. They give further information on the operation of such wills and deeds and can add evidence explaining the operation of such wills and deeds. If a recital is false, this does not usually affect the validity of a contract: Thames Iron Works & Shipbuilding Co Ltd v R (1869) 10 B & S 33; Chan Chak v Ng Lai (DCMP 19/58, unreported). However, there is a presumption that a recital is true where the recital was made less than 15 years earlier, unless something to the contrary is proved: Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap 219) s 13(4); Chao Mei Hua v Ferrier Investment Ltd [1995] 1 HKC 673. If there is a conflict between what is stated in the operative part of a deed and the recital, the operative part of the deed takes priority and is relied on to carry out a deed. However, if the operative part is unclear, then a recital may be relied on to explain the deed: Orr v Mitchell [1893] AC 238. A party is estopped from denying any specific facts contained in a recital in a deed to which he is a party, provided the recital is certain, precise and unambiguous: District Bank Ltd v Webb [1958] 1 All ER 126, 1 WLR 148. In insurance policy, recital is always subject to being overridden by the operative words if the latter are clear and unambiguous: Blascheck v Bussell (1916) 33 TLR 74 (CA). See also Award; Construction; Deed; Estoppel by deed; Testatum. 指契據或判給等文件的一部份，其中列明有關制定該文件的事實及情況，並且對內容作出解釋，及提供內容的背景。敘文對遺囑及契據的運作提供進一步的資料，及可就解釋該遺囑及契據的運作提供進一步的證據。虛假的敘文一般不會影響合約的有效性：Thames Iron Works & Shipbuilding Co Ltd v R (1869) 10 B & S 33; Chan Chak v Ng Lai（區院雜項案件1958年第19號，未經彙報）。但除非相反證明成立，否則訂立不少於15年的敘文會被推定為真實的：《物業轉易及財產條例》（第219章）第13(4)條；Chao Mei Hua v Ferrier Investment Ltd [1995] 1 HKC 673。如契據中履行部份所述的與敘文所述的相衝突，那麼契據的履行部份會被優先採納，並根據它履行合約。但倘若履行部份不清晰，敘文則會被援引從而對合約作出解釋：Orr v Mitchell [1893] AC 238; David Johnston Keswick v Jardine, Matheson & Co Ltd & Ors (Original Jurisdiction 406/57, 未經彙報)。如敘文是確定、準確及不含糊的，契據的一方會被禁止否認敘文中的某明確事實：District Bank Ltd v Webb [1958] 1 All ER 126, [1958] 1 WLR 148。就保險單而言，有法律效力的詞總是凌駕於敘文（如前者是清晰及不含糊的）：Blascheck v Bussell (1916) 33 TLR 74（上訴法院）。另見 Award; Construction; Deed; Estoppel by deed; Testatum。n. |
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