| 单词 | Repudiation |
| 释义 | 廢除／不履行 1. An absence of readiness or willingness to perform contractual obligations by the promisor, sufficiently serious to give the promisee a right to terminate (repudiation of obligation). Repudiation may be an express renunciation of contractual obligations: White and Carter (Councils) Ltd v McGregor [1962] AC 413, [1961] 3 All ER 1178 (HL). However, it is more commonly implied from failure to render due performance (Universal Cargo Carriers Corpn v Citati [1957] 3 All ER 234, 1 WLR 979 (CA)) or, in cases of anticipatory repudiation, by the party in default putting himself in such a position that he will apparently be unable to perform when the time comes. 2. Termination of the performance of a contract: for example, Hongkong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd [1962] 2 QB 26. There must be a refusal to perform something which goes to the root or essence of the contract: Decro-Wall International SA v Practitioners in Marketing Ltd [1971] 2 All ER 216, 1 WLR 361 (CA). The question whether the refusal to perform part of the contract amounts to a repudiation of the whole contract depends on the construction of the contract and the circumstances of the case: James Shaffer Ltd v Findlay Durham and Brodie [1953] 1 WLR 106 (CA). 3. Any breach which gives rise to a right of termination: for example, George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd [1983] QB 284. See also Anticipatory breach; Condition; Discharge; Ready and willing; Repudiatory breach; Right to terminate. 1. 許諾人沒有準備或不願意履行合約上的責任，情況足以使承諾人具有終止的權利 (廢除責任)。廢除可以是明訂的合約責任廢除： White and Carter (Councils) Ltd v McGregor [1962] AC 413, [1961] 3 All ER 1178 (上議院)。但更普遍的是因不能作出適當的履行而隱含廢除 (Universal Cargo Carriers Corpn v Citati [1957] 3 All ER 234, 1 WLR 979 (芵國上訴法院))或，就預期廢除的案件而言，則會因合約一方沒有採取行動而廢除，即該方使其本身處於在有關時間明顯不可能履行有關合約的處境。 2. 終止履行某合約：例如Hongkong Fir Shipping Co Ltd v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd [1962] 2 QB 26。須有拒絕履行若干觸及有關合約根部或要素的行為：Decro-Wall International SA v Practitioners in Marketing Ltd [1971] 2 All ER 216, 1 WLR 361 (芵國上訴法院)。拒絕履行部份合約是否相當於不履行整份合約的問題，會取決於有關合約的釋義和有關案件的情況： James Shaffer Ltd v Findlay Durham and Brodie [1953] 1 WLR 106 (芵國上訴法院)。3. 任何產生終止權的違反：例如George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd [1983] QB 284。另見 Anticipatory breach; Condition; Discharge; Ready and willing; Repudiatory breach; Right to terminate。n. |
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