法律英语词汇“Unconscionable”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Unconscionable
释义	不合情理 Unfair, unjust, unscrupulous, unreasonable, or excessive; against the dictates of conscience as recognised by a court of equity. For example, a bargain cannot be unfair and unconscionable unless one of the parties to it has imposed the objectionable terms in a morally reprehensible manner, that is to say in a way which affects his conscience, as by taking advantage of the weakness or necessity of the other: Alec Lobb (Garages) Ltd v Total Oil GB Ltd [1985] 1 All ER 303, 1 WLR 173 (CA). The special disadvantage may arise by reason of age, sex, need of assistance, language ability, illness, ignorance, inexperience, impaired faculties, or financial need. The usual requirements for showing a prima facie unconscionable bargain are that it was a purchase from a poor and ignorant (Cresswell v Potter [1978] 1 WLR 255) or weak-minded person, that it was a purchase at a considerable undervalue and that the vendor had no independent advice (Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy [1975] QB 326, [1974] 3 All ER 757 (CA)). In order that relief may be given it must be possible for the parties to be restored to their former position, and hence a marriage settlement cannot be set aside: Campbell v Ingilby (1857) 1 De G & J 393. Where the unconscionable bargain is shown to have been induced as the result of the exercise of undue influence, it will equally be set aside, and this whether it is a purchase or sale (Tufton v Sperni [1952] 2 TLR 516 (CA)), or, a fortiori, a gift (Bullock v Lloyds Bank Ltd [1955] Ch 317, [1954] 3 All ER 726), benefiting the other party. Also known as ‘unconscientious’. See also Bargaining power; Equitable fraud; Undue influence. 不公平的、不公正的、肆無忌憚的、不合理的或超出限度的；衡平法法庭承認為違背良心的指示的。舉例說，某宗買賣不可能屬不公平及不合情理的，除非該宗買賣的其中一方以道德上應受斥責的方式已施加不妥當的條款，即是說以影響其良心的方式，例如利用其他人的弱點或需要：Alec Lobb (Garages) Ltd v Total Oil GB Ltd [1985] 1 All ER 303, 1 WLR 173（芵國上訴法院）。可藉以下的理由產生特別的不利情況：年齡、性別、協助的需要、語言能力、疾病、不知情、缺乏經驗、已受損的能力或財政需要。有一慣常規定，須證明表面上屬不合情理的買賣為以下的情況：某宗購買是由不知情的人（Cresswell v Potter [1978] 1 WLR）或心智愚鈍的人作出，而該購買是以頗低於一般價值而作出，並且賣方未有獲取獨立的意見（Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy [1975] QB 326, [1974] 3 All ER 757（芵國上訴法院））。買賣雙方必須可回復之前的處境，方可獲授予濟助，因此婚姻授產安排不可被廢除：Campbell v Ingilby (1857) 1 De G & J 393。若證明不合情理的買賣是由於作出不當影響所導致，則該宗買賣同樣會被廢除，並且不論這是一宗買賣或售賣（Tufton v Sperni [1952] 2 TLR 516（芵國上訴法院）或更不容置疑，一項可使其他人受益的饋贈（Bullock v Lloyds Bank Ltd [1955] Ch 317, [1954] 3 All ER 726）。另稱「不正直的」。另見 Bargaining power; Equitable fraud; Undue influence。 adj.
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