单词 | Ex turpi causa non oritur actio |
释义 | 代價非法或不道德的,即不能據此而興訟 Lat – no action arises out of dishonourable cause ; illegality or immorality will not ground an action. The maxim is applied by the court to protect the public by refusing to allow the machinery of the court to be used to assist the commission or furtherance of illegal contract. See also Public policy. Contract - Illegal or immoral consideration will not support contract or a contract entered into to give effect to an unlawful or immoral purpose will not be enforced: Euro-Diam Ltd v Bathurst [1987] 2 All ER 113, [1988] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 228, [1990] 1 QB 1; Kirkham v Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police [1990] 2 QB 283; Innovisions Ltd v Chan Sing Chuk Charles & Ors [1991] 1 HKC 543 (HC). Tort - In relation to intentional torts and negligence, the defence that the plaintiff was involved in an illegal act when the tort complained of occurred. No duty will be owed by one participant in an illegal enterprise to another joint participant where the circumstances are such that it is not possible to determine the particular standard of care which should be observed: Pitt v Hunt [1990] 3 All ER 344, [1991] 1 QB 24 (CA). Limits of the maxim ex turpi causa non oritur actio: Gordon v Metropolitan Police Chief Cmr [1910] 2 KB 1080. The defence of ex turpi causa may also be extended to immoral conduct: Kirkham v Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police [1990] 3 All ER 246, 2 QB 283. See also Defence of illegality. 拉丁語 - 法律訴訟不能由不名譽的因由產生;不合法或不道德的事情不能成為法律訴訟的所據理由。通過拒絕讓法院作為協助非法合約的簽訂或貫徹執行的工具,法院會引用此箴言以保護公眾人士,。另見 Public policy。 合約 - 不可藉不合法或不道德的約因締結合約,或不可強制執行為執行不合法或不道德的目的而訂立的合約:Euro-Diam Ltd v Bathurst [1987] 2 All ER 113, [1988] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 228, [1990] 1 QB 1; Kirkham v Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police [1990] 2 QB 283; Innovisions Ltd v Chan Sing Chuk Charles & Ors [1991] 1 HKC 543(高等法院)。 侵權 - 就蓄意的侵權和疏忽而言,指在被申索的侵權發生時,有關的原告人涉及某違法行為的抗辯。如有關的情況是不可能決定應予以遵守的特殊謹慎標準,則某違法企業的參與者無需向另一共同參與者負有責任:Pitt v Hunt [1990] 3 All ER 344, [1991] 1 QB 24 (芵國上訴法院)。「代價非法或不道德的,即不能據此而興訟」的規則的限制:Gordon v Metropolitan Police Chief Cmr [1910] 2 KB 1080。非法或不道德約因的抗辯亦可引申而適用於不道德的行為:Kirkham v Chief Constable of the Greater Manchester Police [1990] 3 All ER 246, 2 QB 283。另見 Defence of illegality。 |
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