| 单词 | Vitiating factor |
| 释义 | 可使無效的因素 In contract law, a factor which affects a person’s assent to a contract or intention to confer a benefit on another. Such factors include fraud, misrepresentation (Kincheng Banking Corp v Kao Yu Kuei [1986] HKC 212 (CA)), mistake (Associated Japanese Bank (International) Ltd v Crédit du Nord SA [1988] 3 All ER 902, [1989] 1 WLR 255), duress (Pao On v Lau Yiu-long [1979] HKLR 225, [1980] AC 614, [1979] 3 All ER 65 (PC)), undue influence (Banco Exterior Internacional SA v Thomas [1997] 1 All ER 46, 1 WLR 221 (CA)) and unconscionable conduct. When the contract on its face discloses no illegality or other vitiating factor, the court should not allow such matters to be raised unless pleaded: North Western Salt Co Ltd v Electrolytic Alkali Co Ltd [1914] AC 461 (HL). See also Duress; Misrepresentation; Undue influence. 在合約法上，影響某人議同合約的因素，或影響該人擬授予他人利益的因素。此等因素包括欺詐、失實陳述（Kincheng Banking Corp v Kao Yu Kuei [1986] HKC 212（上訴法庭））、錯誤（Associated Japanese Bank (International) Ltd v Crédit du Nord SA [1988] 3 All ER 902, [1989] 1 WLR 255）、威迫（Pao On v Lau Yiu-long [1979] HKLR 225, [1980] AC 614, [1979] 3 All ER 65（樞密院））、不當影響（Banco Exterior Internacional SA v Thomas [1997] 1 All ER 46, 1 WLR 221（芵國上訴法院））及不合情理的行為。如合約表面上沒有顯示不合法的事情或其他可使無效的因素，則法庭不應准予提出此等事項，但就此作出申辯者則不在此限：North Western Salt Co Ltd v Electrolytic Alkali Co Ltd [1914] AC 461（上議院）。另見 Duress; Misrepresentation; Undue influence。 |
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