| 单词 | Interpleader |
| 释义 | 互爭權利訴訟 A proceeding to determine the rights of claimants, by which a person who is sued regarding a certain property or debt can require competing claimants to that property or debt to resolve their rights: R v London School Board (1886) 17 QBD 738 (CA). The interpleading party must have control of the property but have no interest in it. Interpleader may be done by applying to the court by summons or application in the existing proceedings. Where (a) a person is under a liability in respect of a debt or in respect of any money, goods or chattels and he is, or expects to be, sued for or in respect of that debt or money or those goods or chattels by two or more persons making adverse claims thereto, or (b) claim is made to any money, goods or chattels taken or intended to be taken by a bailiff in execution under any process, or to the proceeds or value of any such goods or chattels, by a person other than the person against whom the process is issued, the person under liability under (a) above, or the bailiff, may apply to the court for relief by way of interpleader: The Rules of the High Court (Cap 4) O 17 r 1(1); De La Rue v Hernu Peron & Stockwell Ltd [1936] 2 All ER 411, 2 KB 164 (CA), Eastern Holdings Establishment of Vaduz v Singer & Friedlander Ltd [1967] 2 All ER 1192, 1 WLR 1017. Agency - A process by which an agent holding a principal’s money or property pays the money into court, or agrees to abide by the court’s decision in respect of the property, where two parties claim an entitlement to it. A proceeding to determine the rights of, by which adverse claims, whether legal or equitable, are made upon an agent in respect of a principal’s money, goods or chattels in his possession, and he claims no interest in the subject-matter of the dispute other than for costs or charges the agent may claim relief by way of interpleader, even as against his principal whose title he has acknowledged, provided he has no notice of the adverse claim at the time of the acknowledgement: Roe Investment Ltd & Anor v Prince Good Ltd & Anor [2000] 1 HKC 548 (CFA). Interpleader allows an auctioneer, after being sued by one of those seeking to recover the money or property held by the auctioneer, to take no further part in the litigation, and for the parties contesting the right to it to litigate to establish which of them is entitled thereto: The Rules of the High Court (Cap 4A) O 17 r 1. The pre-requisites to interplead are the absence of an interest in the subject matter and the ability and willingness to dispose of it: Unionix Development Ltd v Roe Investment Ltd & Anor, supra. See also Agent; Auctioneer; Principal. Equity - Relief by way of proceedings in which a person, from whom two or more others claim the same debt and who fears injury of conflicting claims, calls upon the others to claim against each other so that the title to the debt is decided. The remedy of interpleader is extended to all cases to which in conscience it ought to extend, namely where a person not interested is exposed to conflicting claims, whether an action or suit had been begun by any claimant or only a claim made: Langston v Boylston (1793) 2 Ves 101; Jones v Thomas (1854) 2 Sm & G 186. The jurisdiction in equity was supplementary to that at law in the sense that a bill of interpleader would not lie where the way a rememdy by interpleader at law (Langston v Bolyston, supra), and to some extent equity followed in interpleader the analogy of the remedy at law: Metcalf v Hervey (1749) 1 Ves Sen 248. 決定申索人權利的法律程序，即就某財產或債務被起訴的人，可通過該程序要求該財產或債務的對立申索人解決他們間的權利爭議：R v London School Board(1886) 17 QBD 738（英國上訴法院）。互爭權利訴訟方必須管有財物，但就該財物卻沒有任何權益者。互爭權利訴訟可藉原訴傳票或申請向法庭提出。凡（a）任何人就任何債項或就任何金錢、貨物或實產而須負法律責任，並因或就該等債項、金錢、貨物或實產而被或預料會被兩名或多於兩名就該等債項、金錢、貨物或實產提出敵對申索的人起訴，或(b)有一名並非經發出的法律程序文件所針對的人，就任何被執達主任根據該等法律程序文件作執行時所扣押或擬扣押的金錢、貨物或實產提出申索，或就任何該等貨物或實產的收益或價值提出申索，則(a)點所述的須負法律責任的人或該執達主任，可循互爭權利訴訟而向法庭申請濟助：《高等法院規則》（第4A章）第17號命令第1(1)條規則；De La Rue v Hernu Peron & Stockwell Ltd [1936] 2 All ER 411, 2 KB 164（英國上訴法院）, Eastern Holdings Establishment of Vaduz v Singer & Friedlander Ltd [1967] 2 All ER 1192, 1 WLR 1017。 代理 - 持有委託人金錢或財產的代理人，在兩方提出享有權申索時，繳存法院，或同意遵守法院就該些金錢或財產的裁決。決定對立申索權利的法律程序涉及的權利，可能是法律上的或衡平法上，而所涉的委託人之金錢或財產由代理人管有，該代理人就爭議中的標的物，除有關費用或訟費外不申索任何權益；代理人可提起互爭權利訴訟申索濟助，濟助甚至可針對代理人已經確認的委託人之所有權，但前提是該確認必須為代理人在未知悉對立申索的情形下作出的：Roe Investment Ltd & Anor v Prince Good Ltd & Anor [2000] 1 HKC 548（終審法院）。互爭權利訴訟允許拍賣人，在就持有的金錢或財產被作出追討起訴後，不再參與訴訟，而由對權利提出爭議的各方藉訴訟以確立哪一方就金錢或財產享有權利：《高等法院規則》（第4A章）第17號命令第1條規則。互爭權利之先決條件為就標的物沒有權益，及有能力並且願意處置該標的物：Unionix Development Ltd v Roe Investment Ltd & Anor, 見上文。另見 Agent; Auctioneer; Principal。 衡平法 - 一項濟助程序，它涉及兩個或以上的人就同一債項提出申索，而某人懼怕為該有衝突的申索所損害，故要求該些其他人彼此申索，從而令決定債項的所有權。互爭權利訴訟的濟助可延伸至所有應該延伸至的案件上， 即就債項沒有權益的某人處於有衝突的申索中，不論是由申索人開展的訴訟或提出的起訴，或僅為提出的一項申索：Langston v Boylston(1793) 2 Ves 101；Jones v Thomas(1854) 2 Sm & G 186。衡平法的管轄權在法律上作出補充，即衡平法上的互爭權利訴訟，不如法律上的濟助（Langston v Bolyston, 見上文），在某程度上衡平法跟隨互爭權利訴訟，是類似法律上的濟助。n. |
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