| 单词 | Master and servant |
| 释义 | 主人與僕人 Historical term for employer and employee. An employer-employee relationship exists when an employee is employed under a contract of service. This can be distinguished from a contract for services, which exists when an independent contractor is engaged. The test is whether the person who has engaged himself to perform these services performing them as a person in business on his own account: Market Investigations Ltd v Minister of Social Security [1969] 2 QB 173; Lee Ting Sang v Chung Chi Keung [1990] 2 WLR 1173 (PC). Other factors which may be of importance include whether the person performing the services had provided his own equipment, whether he hired his own helpers, what degree of financial risks he takes, what degree of responsibility for investment and management he has, and whether and how far he has an opportunity of profiting from sound management in the performance of his task. 僱主與僱員的歷史用語。當某僱員是根據僱用合約聘請，僱主與僱員的關係即屬存在。此與服務合約關係不同，後者因聘用某獨立承辦商而存在。該驗證須證明某人是否自僱執行該等服務，而該人是否本身獨立從事該服務業務：Market Investigations Ltd v Minister of Social Security [1969] 2 QB 173；Lee Ting Sang v Chung Chi Keung [1990] 2 WLR 1173 （樞密院）。其他重要的因素包括該執行服務的人是否提供本身的器材、該人有否僱請自己的助理、該人須承受的財政風險、該人須負上投資及管理責任的程度，及該人在執行服務時有良好的管理會否使其有賺錢的機會，以上機會的大小等。 |
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