| 单词 | Next of kin |
| 释义 | 最近親 The phrase literally means nearest blood relationship and under the Statutes of Distributions was used to ascertain the person, or class of persons, entitled to inherit personal estate on intestacy. The phrase is still used loosely in this sense on some official document where a person is asked to name his ‘next of kin’ ie one person, who is usually a parent or sibling, but often, technically incorrectly, a spouse: Re Gilligan’s Goods [1950] P 32. However, in modern law the phrase has been given a conventional meaning of the persons entitled to the estate of the person if he died, or had died, intestate under the Intestates’ Estates Ordinance (Cap 73) which includes his spouse: Intestates’ Estates Ordinance (Cap 73) s 4. However, under a gift to the next of kin of any person, simply and without reference either to intestacy or to the Statutes of Distribution, the donees are considered to be the nearest kindred in blood, including the half-blood, and not to be the statutory next of kin (Re Bulcock, Ingham v Ingham [1916] 2 Ch 495); and prima facie they take as joint tenants. The same meaning is attached prima facie to descriptions similar to next of kin. The law confers on the next of kin of a deceased, whether named by the deceased or not, certain rights upon the death of the deceased. See also Child; Distribution; Intestacy rules; Parent; Sibling. 最近親的原義指最近的血緣關係，而在利益分發法規下，最近親用以確定在無遺囑的情況下享有斷承可動產業的人或類別的人。在某人須提述其 「最近親」的情況下（即通常是父母或兄弟姊妹的人，但在技術上通常錯誤地指配偶），則在某些官方文件上，最近親大致上仍沿用此等涵義：Re Gilligan’s Goods [1950] P 32。但在現代法律下，最近親獲給予習慣上的涵義，即倘若某人是一如《無遺囑者遺產條例》(第73章) 的規定，是在沒有立遺囑的情況下去世或已去世的，則有關人士可享有遺產（包括其配偶）：《無遺囑者遺產條例》(第73章) 第4條。但在僅僅或沒有提述任何無遺囑或利益分發法規的情況下給予任何最近親的人饋贈，則受贈人會被視為在血緣上屬最近親，包括半血親，而不屬於法定的最近親 (Re Bulcock, Ingham v Ingham [1916] 2 Ch 495)；此外他們表面上屬於聯權共有人。相同的涵義表面上附於描述上，與最近親類似。一旦死者去世，法律賦予死者的最近親（不論是否由死者指名）若干權利。另見 Child; Distribution; Intestacy rules; Parent; Sibling。 |
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