| 单词 | Contract in restraint of trade |
| 释义 | 限制貿易契約 1.In a broad popular sense in contract, any contract that limits the free exercise of trade or business: Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Harper’s Garage (Stourport) Ltd [1967] 1 All ER 699, [1968] AC 269 (HL). 2. As a term of art, a contract in which the covenantor agrees with the covenantee to restrict his or her liberty in the future to carry on trade with third parties: Petrofina (Great Britain) Ltd v Martin [1966] 1 All ER 126, Ch 146. Apart from satisfying the test of reasonableness between the parties and in the public interest, in order to be valid, a contract in restraint of trade must be found on good consideration and not to be too vague: Halsbury’s Laws of England, (4th Ed, Reissue), Vol 47 para 18. No agreement shall be unenforceable by virtue of any rule of law about unreasonable restraint of trade, so far as it relates to any restrictions, for example, in respect of the provision of international liner services accepted by the operators of such services under an agreement to which two or more such operators are parties: Merchant Shipping (Liner Conferences) Ordinance (Cap 482) s 12. A registered society may enter into contract to dispose the produce of its members and no such contract shall be contested in any court on the ground only that it constitutes a contract in restraint of trade: Co-operative Societies Ordinance (Cap 33) s 13. See also Covenant; Illegal contract; Public policy; Restraint of trade; Restrictive trade practices. 1. 在合約中廣泛常見的意義上，任何限制貿易或業務自由運作的合約：Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Harper’s Garage (Stourport) Ltd [1967] 1 All ER 699, [1968] AC 269（上議院）。 2. 作為一個術語，指契諾承諾人與契諾受益人達成協議，遏制該契諾承諾人未來的自由的合約，限制該契諾承諾人與第三者從事貿易： Petrofina (Great Britain) Ltd v Martin [1966] 1 All ER 126, Ch 146。除各方之間通過合理標準的測試外，及合乎公眾利益，限制貿易契約必須基於良好代價及不屬過於含糊，方為有效：Halsbury’s Laws of England, （第4版再發行）第47冊第18段。任何協議在任何限制的範圍內，不得憑藉關於不合理限制貿易的任何法律規則而不可強制執行；舉例說，關於提供國際班輪服務的限制，而該項限制根據一份有2個或以上提供該等服務的經營商作為協議方的協議而為該等經營商所接受：《商船（班輪公會）條例》（第482章）第12條。註冊合作社可訂立合約，處置其社員的生產品，及不得僅以該合約構成限制貿易的合約為理由而在任何法院進行爭辯：《合作社條例》（第33章）第13條。另見 Covenant; Illegal contract; Public policy; Restraint of trade; Restrictive trade practices。 |
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