| 单词 | Retention money |
| 释义 | 保留款項 In building law, cash retained by a proprietor, usually as an agreed percentage of progress payments made to a contractor throughout the performance of the work, to ensure that the contractor carries out all of its obligations. The contract may provide that the proprietor may deduct from sums due to the contractor by way of interim payment. The retention money is retained by the proprietor as security for the due performance of the contract by the contractor and as a fund to be drawn upon either to complete the work or to rectify defects should the contractor fail to do so (Townsend v Stone Toms & Partners (No 2) (1984) 27 BLR 26 (CA)), or to safeguard the proprietor’s and contractor’s interests in the event that either becomes insolvent (Rayack Construction Ltd v Lampeter Meat Co Ltd (1979) 12 BLR 30). The proprietor may be required to establish a separate trust fund for the retention money: Hsin Chong Construction Co Ltd v Yaton Realty Co Ltd [1986] 1 HKC 406, 40 BLR 119. A provision that on failure to complete on time, the contractor will forfeit the retention money is a penalty because the amount of retention money held will vary according to the amount of work done and it cannot therefore be a genuine pre-estimate of the loss likely to be caused to the proprietor in the event of delay: Golden Harvest Co v J W International Co (a firm) [1986] HKC 118. Also known as ‘retention sums’. See also Building contract; Contractor; Performance bond; Performance undertaking; Progress payment; Security; Trust. 在建築物法律，由所有人扣留的現金，通常在履行工作的期間給予承辦商的協議進度款額，以確保承辦商履行其所有責任。有關的合約可規定所有人可以中期付款的方式從欠承辦商的金額扣減。有關的所有人可扣留保留款項，作為妥為履行合約的擔保，及作為在完成工作時或如承辦商未能改正不妥善之處時取得的基金，(Townsend v Stone Toms & Partners (No 2) (1984) 27 BLR 26（上訴法院）)，或在任何一方無力償債時保護所有人和承辦商的權益(Rayack Construction Ltd v Lampeter Meat Co Ltd (1979) 12 BLR 30)。東主或須確立分開的信託基金保留款額：Hsin Chong Construction Co Ltd v Yaton Realty Co Ltd [1986] HKC 406, 40 BLR 119。關於未能按時完工時，承辦商會充公保留款項作為懲罰的條文，因為持有的保留款項的款額會根據已完成的工作量而變更，因而在延誤時，之前就相當可能導致所有人損失的評估可與真實的情況不符：Golden Harvest Co v J W International Co (a firm) [1986] HKC 118。也稱為 「保留金額」。另見 Building contract; Contractor; Performance bond; Performance undertaking; Progress payment; Security; Trust。 |
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