| 单词 | Right of indemnity |
| 释义 | 彌償權 In the context of the law of trusts, the equitable right to be reimbursed, out of the trust property (Trustee Ordinance (Cap 29) s 32(2)) or from a person sui juris who is beneficially entitled to a trust (Hardoon v Belilios [1901] AC 118 (PC)), for expenses or liabilities properly paid or incurred by a trustee in performing the trust or in respect of the trust property. A trustee is entitled as of right to full indemnity out of the trust property against all his costs, charges and expenses properly incurred: Sin Hua Bank Trustee Ltd v Ip Cheung-kwok [1992] 1 HKLR 211 (CA). His right extends to calls on shares which he has been obliged to pay (Fraser v Murdoch (1881) 6 App Cas 855 (HL)), to liability on the covenants of a lease (Matthews v Ruggles-Brise [1911] 1 Ch 194), to liabilities incurred by him in properly carrying on a trade or business under the provisions of the instrument creating the trust (Re Blundell, Blundell v Blundell (1890) 44 Ch D 1 (CA)), and to damages and costs recovered against him as legal owner of the trust estate, where the injury in respect of which they were recovered was not caused by his neglect or default (Re Raybould, Raybould v Turner [1900] 1 Ch 199). The expenses must have been incurred while the person entitled to reimbursement (for example a trustee) was executing his or her powers and duties. The right is based on the equitable principle that the one who gets the benefit of trust property should bear its burden: Hardoon v Belilios, supra. It creates a charge on trust property: Re Exhall Coal Co Ltd (1866) 35 Beav 449, 55 ER 970. See also Equity; Right of exoneration; Right of recoupment; Trustee. 在信託法的文意，屬於信託法上的權利，可從信託財產中（《受託人條例》（第29章）第32(2)）條，或在信託有實益權的自主人身上(Hardoon v Belilios [1901] AC 118 （樞密院）)，獲得補還由信託人在履行信託或有關信託財物時適當地支付或招致的開支或法律責任。受託人有權從信託財產彌償所有他適當地招致的費用，押記及開支：Sin Hua Bank Trustee Ltd v Ip Cheung-kwok [1992] 1 HKLR 211 (上訴法庭)。受託人的彌償權引伸而適用於他必須支付的催繳股份(Fraser v Murdoch (1881) 6 App Cas 855（上議院）)，租約契諾的法律責任 (Matthews v Ruggles-Brise [1911] 1 Ch 194)，根據產生信託的法律文件下，在適當地經營業務時由他招致的法律責任 (Re Blundell, Blundell v Blundell (1890) 44 Ch D 1（上訴法院）) ，及如所追討的損害並非由受託人的疏忽或欠繳導致，針對他作為信託產業的法律持有人而追討的賠償和貴用：Re Raybould, Raybould v Turner [1900] 1 Ch 199。有關的開支必須在獲授權補還的人（例如信託人）在執行其權力和責任時招致。彌償權基於在衡平法上，取得信託財物利益的人應承擔其責任的原則：Hardoon v Belilios, 見上文。在信託財物產生押記：Re Exhall Coal Co Ltd (1866) 35 Beav 449, 55 ER 970。另見 Equity; Right of exoneration; Right of recoupment; Trustee。 |
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