| 单词 | Separation of powers |
| 释义 | 權力分立 The common law doctrine that the three arms of government (executive, legislative and judicial) are separate and that their respective functions and powers are mutually exclusive. The courts in Hong Kong exercise independent judicial power: Basic Law arts 2, 80. One of the fundamental functions of the courts in the Hong Kong SAR, in exercising independent judicial power, is the interpretation of the laws, including the Basic Law itself, subject to the limit on the court’s jurisdiction imposed by the Basic Law art 158(3) in relation to the excluded provisions and subject to being bound by any interpretation by the Standing Committee: Basic Law art 158. Subject to these matters, it follows from the grant of independent judicial power to the courts that the interpretation of laws is a matter for the courts. This principle, which follows from the doctrine of the separation of powers, is a basic principle of the common law and is preserved and maintained in Hong Kong by the Basic Law: Director of Immigration v Chong Fung Yuen [2001] 2 HKLRD 533. See also Judicial power; Legislative powers. 在此等普通法的原則下，政府的三權(行政、立法及司法)是獨立的，而有關的功能及權力是相互不可干預的。 香港的法庭行使獨立的司法權：《基本法》第2及80條。 香港特別行政區法庭在行使獨立司法權力時的其中一項基本功能是解釋法律（包括基本法本身），但就除外的條文而言，受《基本法》第158(3)條施加的法庭司法管轄權所限，並受全國人民代表大會常務委員會的解釋所約束：《基本法》第158條。 在此等事項的規限下，授予獨立的司法權予法庭，即釋法是法庭處理的事項。 此等原則依循權力分立的原則，屬於普通法的基本原則，並藉《基本法》在香港得以保存及繼續進行：Director of Immigration v Chong Fung Yuen [2001] 2 HKLRD 533。 另見 Judicial power; Legislative powers。 |
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