| 单词 | First demand guarantee |
| 释义 | 無條件保證 A kind of contract of indemnity concerning contractual undertakings, normally granted by banks, to pay or repay, a specified sum in case of any default in performance on the part of the principal debtor of some other contract with a third party, the creditor. In a first demand guarantee, the bank’s liability arises on mere demand by the creditor, notwithstanding that it may appear on the evidence that the principal debtor is not in any way in default: Benjamin’s Sales of Goods (5th Ed, 1997) 23-237 – 23-272. It is analogous to a bank’s letter of credit in that the bank’s liability is of a primary nature which is unaffected even by allegations that the creditor is in breach of the main contract with the principle debtor: Edward Owen Engineering Ltd. v Barclays Bank International Ltd. [1978] 1 All ER 976, QB 159 (CA); Bollore Furniture Ltd & Anor v Banque Nationale De Paris [1983] 2 HKC 71 (CA). See also Guarantee; Indemnity; Letter of credit. 有關合約承諾的彌償合約，通常由銀行授予，承諾凡主要債務人沒有履行其另外與第三者（即債權人）所訂的若干合約，銀行會支付或償付一筆指明款項。在無條件保證下，銀行的法律責任在債權人作出付款要求時即產生，即使從證據看來該主要債務人並無作出任何失責行為亦然：Benjamin’s Sales of Goods （第5版, 1997年）第23-237 至 23-272段。無條件保證類似銀行的信用證，在信用證中，銀行的法律責任屬基本性質，即使債權人被指稱違反了他／她與主要債務人的主要合約，銀行的法律責任亦不會受影響：Edward Owen Engineering Ltd. v Barclays Bank International Ltd. [1978] 1 All ER 976，QB 159 （芵國上訴法院）；Bollore Furniture Ltd & Anor v Banque Nationale De Paris [1983] 2 HKC 71（上訴法庭）。另見 Guarantee; Indemnity; Letter of credit。 |
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