| 单词 | Arbitration |
| 释义 | 仲裁 1. The resolution of disputes between the parties by a neutral third party (the arbitrator) who renders a decision at a hearing in which both parties to the dispute are given the opportunity to be heard. The process by which disputes between two or more parties as to their respective rights and liabilities are determined in a judicial manner before one or more persons (the arbitration tribunal) who do not constitute part of the formal judicial process. As such, arbitrators are clothed with quasi-judicial attributes and enjoy immunity from actions of negligence directed at them in the performance of their duties: Pappa v Rose (1871) LR 7 CP 32 (CCP). 2. Part of the concept of ‘alternative dispute resolution’ being the means by which disputes can be settled without resort to litigation. In this respect, such procedures are viewed as more informal and commonly used in labour disputes, complex commercial contracts and matters arising from construction contracts. 3. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, arbitration is conducted in accordance with legal principles: Ritchie v W Jacks & Co (1922) 10 Li L Rep 519 (CA). Although arbitrators are not bound by the strict rules regarding the admissibility of evidence, they are obliged to respect rules related to privilege: Domestic Arbitration Rules of the Hong Kong International Centre art 11.1(k). 4. Since 1990, Hong Kong has had two separate regimes of arbitration - domestic and international: Arbitration Ordinance (Cap 341) pts II, IIA, respectively. Also implemented into the legislation is the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards: Arbitration Ordinance (Cap 341) pt IV, sch 3. See also Alternative dispute resolution; Collective bargaining; Commercial dispute resolution; Conciliation; Mediation; Voluntary arbitration. 1. 由中立的第三方(仲裁員)就各方之間的爭議作出決議，仲裁員於爭議雙方有接受聆訊機會的聆訊中作出決定。 憑藉此等程序，有關雙方或多方的權利及法律責任的爭議，會在一名或多於一名並不構成正式司法程序一部分的人士(仲裁審裁處)面前以司法的方式由其予以裁定。 仲裁員因而具有類似司法的特質，並在履行其職責時享有免受針對他／她而提起疏忽訴訟方面的豁免權：Pappa v Rose (1871) LR 7 CP 32 (CCP)。 2. 仲裁是「爭議解決替代程序」概念的一部分，憑藉此等方法，有關爭議可在沒有訴諸訴訟的情況下予以解決。 就此方面而言，此等程序被視為更不拘形式，並常用於勞資糾紛、複雜的商業合約及建造合約產生的事宜的案件。 3. 在沒有相反意圖的協議下，可根據法律原則進行仲裁：Ritchie v W Jacks & Co (1922) 10 Li L Rep 519 (上訴法院)。 儘管仲裁員就證據的可接納性而言，不受嚴格規則所約束，仲裁員須依循有關特權的規則：香港國際仲裁中心《本地仲裁規例》第11.1(k)條規例。 4. 香港自1990年起有本地及國際這兩個各別的仲裁體系：《仲裁條例》(第341章)第II及IIA部 。亦有在法例實施的包括《承認和執行外國仲裁裁決紐約公約》：《仲裁條例》(第341章)第IV部及附表3。 另見 Alternative dispute resolution; Collective bargaining; Commercial dispute resolution; Conciliation; Mediation; Voluntary arbitration。n. |
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