| 单词 | Arm's length transaction |
| 释义 | 公平交易 1. A transaction in which the parties act severally and independently in forming the bargain and in which neither of the parties has the ability to exert personal influence or control over the other: Cheung Pik Wan & Ors v Tong Sau Ping & Ors [1986] HKLR 921. 2. Dealings between persons or corporations in a commercial context, as opposed to persons or corporations on a social or more familiar basis. In an arm’s length transaction, it is presumed that each party has made the best possible bargain in the circumstances: Ford Motor Co Ltd v AEF [1969] 2 All ER 481, 2 QB 303; Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association v Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd [1994] 2 HKLR 367 (HC); Unconscionable Contracts Ordinance (Cap 458). See also Duress; Undue Influence. Taxation and revenue - In general, where a transaction has the effect of conferring a tax benefit on a person, the issue of whether a transaction has been created between persons dealing with each other at arm’s length is one of the seven factors to be taken into account before concluding whether a transaction was entered into with the sole or dominant purpose of obtaining a tax benefit for the relevant person would be assessed as if the transaction has not been entered into or in such other manner as appropriate in counteracting the tax benefit so obtained: Inland Revenue Ordinance (Cap 112) s 61A; Yick Fung Estates Ltd v Cmr of Inland Revenue [2000] 1 HKC 588, 1 HKLRD 381 (CA). On stock borrowing and lending: s 15E(1)(d), and on agent of non-resident principal: s 20AA(5). 1. 交易各方共同及個別成交而並無一方有能力向另一方施加個人影響或控制：Cheung Pik Wan & Ors v Tong Sau Ping & Ors [1986] HKLR 921。 2.個人或法團之間的交易，屬商業範疇而非社交或熟人之間往來。於公平交易中，有假定各方在當時情況下取得最佳的交易條件：Ford Motor Co Ltd v AEF [1969] 2 All ER 481, 2 QB 303; Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Association v Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd [1994] 2 HKLR 367（高等法院）；《不合情理合約條例》（第458章）。另見 Duress; Undue Influence。 稅務及稅收 - 概括而言，如某項交易會將稅項利益授予某人，則某項交易是否由各方之間基於各自獨立利益而產生的問題，是在得出就訂立某項交易是否為有關人士取得稅項利益的唯一或主要目的的結論前，是七項予以考慮因素之一的其中一項，其評定可以是猶如該項交易或其任何部分不曾訂立一樣，或以助理局長認為適合的其他方式評定，用以消弭從該項交易中原可獲得的稅項利益：《稅務條例》(第112章) 第61A條; Yick Fung Estates Ltd v Cmr of Inland Revenue [2000] 1 HKC 588, 1 HKLRD 381 (上訴法庭)。證券借用及證券交還：第15E(1)(d)條，非居住於香港的委託人的代理人：第20AA(5)條。 |
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