| 单词 | Police powers |
| 释义 | 警察權力 The powers vested in a police officer, whether at common law or by statute (Police Force Ordinance (Cap 232)), to investigate criminal activity and to enforce and regulate matters of safety, health, welfare, and morals for the general public good. A police officer has the same common law powers and statutory powers of arrest as a member of the public. However, police officers have a number of specific statutory powers of arrest without a warrant, the primary power being a broad power under the Police Force Ordinance to arrest ‘on reasonable suspicion’: s 50(1). The broadest and most important power given to the police is the power to stop, detain for a reasonable period and search as appropriate anyone in any street or other public place, or on board any vessel or in any conveyance, who is acting in a suspicious manner (Police Force Ordinance (Cap 232) s 54(1)) or whom the police officer reasonably suspects of having committed, or being about to commit to of intending to commit any offence (s 54(2)). A police officer must not abuse these powers. Although there is no specific rule or regulation prohibiting such conduct, a judge will usually refuse to take into account anything resulting from abuse of powers: R v Cheng Pak Hei & Ors [1946-1972] 1 HKC 351. 不論是普通法或法規（《警隊條例》（第232章）賦予警務人員調查刑事罪行及為公眾一般利益而執行及管理有關安全、健康、安康及道德事宜 的權力。警務人員與公眾人士具有相同的普通法及法規權力作出拘捕。然而，警務人員有多項法規指明賦予的，在沒有手令下作出拘捕的權力；主要為在《警隊條例》下廣泛的，在「合理地懷疑犯）的情形下作出拘捕的權力：第50(1)條。最廣泛的及最重要的警察權力乃在街道上或其他公眾地方或於任何船隻或交通工具上，把任何行動可疑的人截停、扣留一段合理的時間 及作出搜查（《警隊條例》（第232章）第54(1)條）；或截停、扣留一段合理的時間及搜查該名警務人員合理地懷疑已經或即將或意圖犯任何罪行者（《警隊條例》（第232章）第54(2)條）。警務人員必須不能濫用這項權力。雖然沒有指明的規則，但法官一般會拒絕考慮任何因濫權而獲得的東西：R v Cheng Pak Hei & Ors [1946-1972] 1 HKC 351。 |
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