| 单词 | Privileged document |
| 释义 | 享有特權的文件 A record of information which need not be disclosed to a court, tribunal, or other person because it is confidential. Documents do not become privileged at common law simply by being enclosed with communications which attract privilege: R v King [1983] 1 All ER 929, 77 Cr App Rep 11 (CA). The grounds on which this protection can be claimed can be classified under the following main heads: legal professional privilege (Zheng Lie Lie v Prosperfield Ventures Ltd (HCA 4572/2002, unreported); public interest immunity (Apple Daily Ltd v Cmr of ICAC [2000] 1 HKC 295); that the documents in question may tend to incriminate the party or his or her spouse; that the production is contrary to some statutory provision which imposes secrecy (Chase Manhattan Bank NA v FDC Co Ltd [1985] 2 HKC 470 (CA)); that production is contrary to some express or implied agreement between the parties; and that production would, in the circumstances of the particular case, be oppressive. A general principle is that a document once privileged is always privileged: Hobbs v Hobbs & Cousens [1960] P 112, [1959] 3 All ER 827. See also Privilege against self-incrimination; Privilege of a witness. 某資料紀錄因為屬保密性質，而不需要向法庭、審裁處或其他人士披露。文件不會僅僅因為它包括享有特權的通訊，而在普通法中變得享有特權：R v King [1983] 1 All ER 929, 77 Cr App Rep 11 （英國上訴法院）。聲稱享有特權的理由可根據下述項目被歸類：法律專業保密特權(Zheng Lie Lie v Prosperfield Ventures Ltd（高院民事訴訟2002年第4572號，未經彙報）；公共利益豁免權(Apple Daily Ltd v Cmr of ICAC [2000] 1 HKC 295)；文件本身往往會顯示一方之本人或其配偶有罪；交出文件會違反施加保密的法定條文(Chase Manhattan Bank NA v FDC Co Ltd [1985] 2 HKC 470（上訴法院）)；交出文件有違與訟各方之間的明示或隱含協議；及在該特定案件的情況下交出文件會是欺壓。一般原則為，文件一次享有特權，永遠享有特權：Hobbs v Hobbs & Cousens [1960] P 112, [1959] 3 All ER 827。另見 Privilege against self-incrimination; Privilege of a witness。 |
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