| 单词 | Damages for loss of bargain |
| 释义 | 損失交易的損害賠償 Damages awarded for breach of contract to protect the expectation interest of the innocent party. The general rule is that contract damages are awarded to put the plaintiff in the same position as if the contract had been performed: Robinson v Harman [1843-60] All RE Rep 383, (1848) 1 Ex 850. The damages for loss of bargain are assessed by reference to the difference between the open market value of the subject matter in question and its agreed contract price at the time of the breach: Godwin v Francis (1870) LR 5 CP 295. Under the rule in Bain v Forthergill, the right to claim for loss of bargain could be excluded: Oceanic Glory Industries Ltd v Palace Development Ltd [1990] 1 HKC 448, HKLY 149 (HC). Normally, damages for loss of bargain can be claimed when the expression ‘time is of the essence’ is a condition which means that a breach as to the time for performance will entitle the innocent part to treat the breach as a repudiation of the contract, without regard to the magnitude of the breach: Bunge Corp v Tradax SA [1981] 2 All ER, 1 WLR 711 (HL). In conveyancing transactions, one would not be able to recover the conveyancing costs incurred if the claim for loss of bargain was awarded: Kwok Chung Hon & Anor v Lo On Wa [1996] 4 HKC 191, [1997] HKLRD 980 (CA). Damages for loss of bargain can be obtained if on the sale of leaseholds the vendor is in default in failing to obtain any necessary consent of the lessor: Day v Singleton [1899] 2 Ch 320 (CA). Loss of bargain is appropriate for the contractual measure but not the tortious measure: East v Maurer [1991] 2 All ER 733 (CA); Long Year Development Ltd v Tse Fuk Man Norman & Or [1991] 2 HKC 393 (HC). See also Bain v Forthergill, rule in; Remedy; Damages. 就違約判給的損害賠償，以保障沒有違約一方的預期利益。一般的原則是，法院在考慮判給合約的損害賠償時，會把原告人回復到一如有關的合約已履行，而原告人所應處的相同位置上：Robinson v Harman [1843-60] All RE Rep 383, (1848) 1 Ex 850。損失交易之損害賠償是按照有關之標的事項在違約發生時的公開市場價值與協議的合約價格之差別作出評估：Godwin v Francis (1870) LR 5 CP 295。根據Bain v Forthergill一案的原則，提出損失交易之損害賠償的申索的權利可被摒除：Oceanic Glory Industries Ltd v Palace Development Ltd [1990] 1 HKC 448, HKLY 149 （高等法院）。如「時間是要素」的詞語是合約的條件，則通常可提出損失交易之損害賠償的申索，即表示如在履行的時間上違約，則無須理會違約的重要性，沒有違約的一方有權視違約為不履行合約，並可就損失的交易提出損害賠償之申索：Bunge Corp v Tradax SA [1981] 2 All ER, 1 WLR 711 （上議院）。就物業轉易交易而言，如法院已就損失交易的申索判給損害賠償，則不可追討招致的轉易費：Kwok Chung Hon & Anor v Lo On Wa [1996] 4 HKC 191, [1997] HKLRD 980 （上訴法庭）。在租賃土地的售賣中，如賣方失責沒有取得所需的出租人同意，則可獲得損失交易之損害賠償：Day v Singleton [1899] 2 Ch 320 （上訴法院）。損失交易之損害賠償是適當的合同措施，但並非適當的侵權行為措施：East v Maurer [1991] 2 All ER 733 （英國上訴法院）; Long Year Development Ltd v Tse Fuk Man Norman & Or [1991] 2 HKC 393 （高等法院）。另見Bain v Forthergill, rule in; Remedy; Damages。 |
| 随便看 |
|
法律词典收录了8080条英汉双解法律词条，基本涵盖了常用法律英语单词及短语词组的翻译及用法，是法律学习的有利工具。