| 单词 | Run with the land |
| 释义 | 隨土地轉移 Pass with the transfer of land. As between landlord and tenant, both the benefit and burden of a covenant which touches and concerns the land, and is not merely a personal or collateral, run with the reversion and the term at law: Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap 219) ss 31, 32. As between persons other than landlord and tenant, the benefit of the covenant, whether positive or negative, may run with the land at law if it touches and concerns the land (Rogers v Hosegood [1900] 2 Ch 388), and if the person claiming the benefit can show that he is a successor in title of the covenantee, or a person deriving title under the covenantee or under his successors in title: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 16, 2001 Reissue, Land [230.0463]. It may so run where the covenantor has never been had any interest in the land and there is no servient tenement: Smith and Snipes Hall Farm Ltd v River Douglas Catchment Board [1949] 2 KB 500, 2 All ER 179. The burden will never run at law: Jones v Price [1965] 2 QB 618, 2 All ER 625. The equitable doctrine relating to restrictive covenants is confined to covenants of a negative nature. It is sufficient if the covenant is negative in substance though not in form: Catt v Tourle (1869) 4 Ch App 654. A covenant partly positive and partly negative, of severable, will be enforced so far as it is negative: Shepherd Homes Ltd v Sandham (No 2) [1971] 2 All ER 1267, [1971] WLR 1062. In Hong Kong, the traditional equitable doctrine has been extended to allow enforcement of positive covenants: Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap 219) s 41(2). This is necessary for a deed of mutual covenant which affects common ownership of a multi-storey building: for example Wong Kam Lan v Well Win Investment Ltd [1995] 3 HKC 381. See also Benefit; Covenant; Easement. 隨土地轉移而轉易。就業主和租客之間而言，涉及與有關土地契諾的權益和責任（不僅是個人或附屬的）， 隨復歸產業權及法律上的租期一併轉移： 《物業轉易及財產條例》（第219章）第 31及32條。就非業主和租客之間的關係而言，如契諾的利益（無論是積極性或消極性）涉及與有關土地，則可在法律上隨土地轉移 (Rogers v Hosegood [1900] 2 Ch 388)；及如聲稱有權益的人可顯示， 他是契諾受益人的所有權繼承人，或從契諾受益人得到業權的人，或從他的所有權繼承人得到業權的人，則也可在法律上隨土地轉移：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, 第16冊，2001年再發行，土地，第[230.0463]段。如契諾承諾人在土地從未有過任何權益，並且沒有 供役地，則也可隨土地轉移：Smith and Snipes Hall Farm Ltd v River Douglas Catchment Board [1949] 2 KB 500, 2 All ER 179。責任則永不會隨土地轉移：Jones v Price [1965] 2 QB 618, 2 All ER 625。有關限制性契諾的衡平法上的原則限於消極性質的契諾。如契諾在實質上而非形式上屬消極性質，即已足夠：Catt v Tourle (1869) 4 Ch App 654。只要是消極性質，則可強制執行部分積極而部分消極，可與分割的契諾：Shepherd Homes Ltd v Sandham (No 2) [1971] 2 All ER 1267, [1971] WLR 1062。在香港， 傳統衡平法上的原則已引申而適用於准予強制執行積極性契諾：《物業轉易及財產條例》（第219章）第41(2)條。 例如影響多層大廈的共同擁有權的相互契諾的契據：Wong Kam Lan v Well Win Investment Ltd [1995] 3 HKC 381。另見 Benefit; Covenant; Easement。 |
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