| 单词 | Scott v Avery clause |
| 释义 | Scott訴Avery之條款 A provision in an arbitration agreement whereby the making of an arbitral award is expressed to be a condition precedent to any right of action in respect of any of the matters agreed to be referred, but does not oust the jurisdiction of the court: Scott v Avery (1856) 5 HL Cas 811; Tai Hing Cotton Mill Ltd v Glencore Grain Rotterdam BV [1996] 1 HKC 363 (CA). Such a clause constitutes a defence to any proceedings brought before the making of the award, and the plaintiff can only enforce his rights by going to arbitration. It does not, however, operate to postpone the running of any period of limitation: Limitation Ordinance (Cap 347) s 34(2). Reliance on a Scott v Avery clause amounts to an affirmation of the jurisdiction of the arbitrator, and a party who relies on the clause cannot subsequently resist enforcement of the award on the basis that the arbitrator had no jurisdiction to determine a particular question: South British Insurance Co Ltd v Gauci Bros & Co [1928] AC 352 (PC). Where an award has been made, the successful party’s subsequent rights are based on the award, and not on the original cause of action: Woodall v Pearl Assurance Co [1919] 1 KB 593 (CA). A party may by his conduct waive his ability to rely upon a Scott v Avery clause: Hickman & Co v Roberts [1913] AC 229 (HL). 仲裁協議的條文：作出的仲裁裁決即明確表示會是任何關於任何協議提及事項的訴訟權的先決條件，並不會剝奪法院的司法管轄權：Scott v Avery (1856) 5 HL Cas 811; Tai Hing Cotton Mill Ltd v Glencore Grain Rotterdam BV [1996] 1 HKC 363（上訴法庭）。此等條款對任何在作出裁決之前帶出的訴訟程序構成抗辯，而原告只可以仲裁強制執行其權利。但此等條款的運作並不會延遲任何時效期的進行：《時效條例》（第347章）第34(2)條。依賴 Scott v Avery條款相當於確認仲裁員的管轄，而依賴此條款的當事人不可其後基於仲裁員沒有裁定個別爭議點的管轄權為理由，阻止裁決的強制執行：South British Insurance Co Ltd v Gauci Bros & Co [1928] AC 352（樞密院）。如已作出裁決，則勝方其後的權利乃基於有關的裁決，而非原本的訴訟因由：Woodall v Pearl Assurance Co [1919] 1 KB 593（英國上訴法院）。當事人可以其行為放棄依賴Scott v Avery條款的能力：Hickman & Co v Roberts [1913] AC 229（上議院）。 |
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