单词 | Undefended proceedings |
释义 | 無抗辯的法律程序 The hearing of a matter in a court where the defendant to the action does not challenge or put in issue any of the cause of action in question. A judgment in undefended proceedings or a decision on an uncontested issue tends to have less authority than one given after argument on both sides: Miliangos v George Frank (Textiles) Ltd [1976] AC 443. It is a term usually used in divorce proceedings: for example Matrimonial Causes Ordinance (Cap 179) s 12. Examples are (1) the application has not been served on the respondent or he has been deceived in some way by the petitioner, in which event his application should be granted automatically; (2) where the applicant has known about the proceedings but has changed his mind, he should only be granted a re-hearing on the principle that there were substantial grounds for belief that the decree had been obtained contrary to the justice of the case; and (3) where the respondent in divorce proceedings is aware that the proceedings are in progress and is anxious to defend, and, although no sort of deception has occurred, nevertheless, through ignorance or lack of full advice, he is unaware of the necessity of taking procedural steps in order to preserve his position and has no knowledge of the actual hearing until after it has taken place: Mitchell v Mitchell [1983] 3 All ER 621, [1984] Fam Law 150. See also Cause of action. 在法庭就某事宜進行的聆訊,當該訴訟中的被告人沒有對有關的任何訴訟因由提出異議或將之提出作為爭論點。無抗辯的法律程序的判決或就無爭辯的爭論點作出的決定,與經雙方辯論後而作出的判決或決定比較,後者較具權威性:Miliangos v George Frank (Textiles) Ltd [1976] AC 443。通常會在婚姻法律程序使用此用語:例如《婚姻訴訟條例》(第179章)第12條。舉例說,(1)沒有送達申請書予答辯人,或該答辯人被呈請人以若干方式欺騙,而在這情況下其申請應自動予以批准;(2)如申請人已知悉有關的法律程序,但改變其主意,則根據規定在有實質理由相信判令是在違反秉持公正的情況下取得的,方可批准該申請人再聆訊;及(3)如在婚姻法律程序的答辯人知悉有關的法律程序在進行中,並急切欲提出抗辯,儘管沒有發生任何種類的欺騙手段,但藉不知情或缺乏全面的意見,該答辯人並不知悉須採取程序上的步驟以得到保障,並且直至實際聆訊提出後才知悉該聆訊:Mitchell v Mitchell [1983] 3 All ER 621, [1984] Fam Law 150。另見 Cause of action。 |
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