| 单词 | Undercover operation |
| 释义 | 臥底行動 Organised covert police operation using undercover agents or informers to identify, investigate, and gather evidence, usually with respect to organised criminal activity. An undercover operation may also entail the use of physical or electronic surveillance. The fact that an undercover police officer is a party to a conspiracy to commit a crime does not render the crime impossible to commit or the other members of the conspiracy not guilty: Yip Chiu-cheung v R [1994] 2 HKCLR 35, [1995] 1 AC 111 (PC). Where the alleged offence was complete and then there was an undercover operation, the suspect will not have the benefit of safeguards of the caution and the voluntariness rule. Where such an operation resulted in a confession that was voluntary, the court might exclude it in the exercise of its residual discretion, where the accused’s right of silence is infringed: S-J v Lam Tat Ming & Anor [2000] 2 HKC 693, 2 HKLRD 431 (CFA). See also Informer; Surveillance. 有組織而秘密的警務行動，使用臥底或告發人確定、調查及蒐集證據，通常與有組織的刑事活動有關。臥底行動可能需要使用人身或電子監察。臥底警務人員是某串謀犯罪行為的一方，這事實並不致令該罪行不可能發生或致令該串謀行動的其他成員無罪：R v Yip Chiu-cheung [1994] 2 HKCLR 35, [1995] 1 AC 111（英國樞密院）。如所指稱的罪行已完成，然後進行臥底行動，則疑犯不會因為有警誡及自願性規則的保障而受益。如此等行動導致自願供認，但如被告人保持緘默的權利被侵犯，則法庭可在行使其剩餘的酌情權時豁除該行動：S-J v Lam Tat Ming & Anor [2000] 2 HKC 693, 2 HKLRD 431（終審法院）。另見 Informer; Surveillance。 |
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