| 单词 | Estoppel in pais |
| 释义 | 不容推翻之事實 Where a person has by words or conduct made to another a clear and unequivocal representation of fact, either with knowledge of its falsehood or with the intention that it should be acted upon, or has so conducted himself that another would, as a reasonable person, understand that a certain representation of fact was intended to be acted upon, and the other person has acted upon such representation and thereby altered his position to his prejudice, an estoppel rises against the party who made the representation, and he is not allowed to aver that the fact is otherwise than he represented it to be: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong Vol 11, Estoppel [170.005]. This doctrine can be further divided into estoppel by convention and estoppel by representation: Bestkey Development Ltd v Incorporated Owners of Fine Mansion & Anor [1999] 3 HKC 275 (CA); Wilken-Villiers Waiver, Variation and Estoppel para 8.002. See also Common law estoppel; Equitable Estoppel; Estoppel; Estoppel by Deed; Estoppel by representation. 凡某人是在知悉有關陳述屬虛假、或是在意圖另一人按該項事實行事、或作出某些行為令作為合理的人的另一人會以為該人有意圖讓他/她按若干事實陳述行事的情況下，以言語或行為向另一人作出清楚明確的事實陳述，而該另一人由於已按此等陳述行事，因而已改變所處的地位以致蒙受損害，則會產生針對該作出陳述的一方的不容反悔原則」，使其不得指稱事實跟其陳述是相反的：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong 第11冊，不容反悔，第[170.005]段。此等原則可進一步分為規例不容反悔原則和已作陳述不容反悔原則：Bestkey Development Ltd v Incorporated Owners of Fine Mansion & Anor [1999] 3 HKC 275 （上訴法庭）；Wilken-Villiers Waiver, Variation and Estoppel 第 8.002段。另見 Common law estoppel; Equitable Estoppel; Estoppel; Estoppel by Deed; Estoppel by representation。 |
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