| 单词 | Statutory duty |
| 释义 | 法定責任 1. A liability or duty imposed by statute to do or not do something. A statutory duty may be either express or implied, either absolute or sub modo, and either prohibitory (where the doing of certain acts is forbidden) or mandatory (where the doing of certain acts is positively required). Statutory duties of care have been found, in particular, in regard to safety regulations and usually only in respect of claims for personal injuries: Grand Central Car Park Pty Ltd v Tivoli Freeholders [1969] VR 62, (1969) 18 LGRA 140. Modern courts do not take a strictly literal view in determining whether a purported compliance satisfies the requirement of the statute, and on the other hand a mere literal compliance without the substance will not suffice. A duty is regarded as discharged where more is done than it requires. An order of mandamus will be granted ordering that to be done which a statute requires to be done, and for this rule to apply it is not necessary that the party or corporation on whom the statutory duty is imposed should be a public official or an official body, such as the police: R v Metropolitan Police Cmr, ex p Blackburn [1968] 2 QB 118, 1 All ER 763 (CA). An action for a breach of statutory duty is independent of any other form of tortious action. 2. Any duty imposed by or under any Act of Parliament or Ordinance except insofar as the context otherwise requires or it is otherwise expressly provided: Crown Proceedings Ordinance (Cap 300) s 2(2). 1. 成文法加諸作為或不作為的法律責任或義務。法定責任可以是明示或隱含的，絕對的或在條件限制下的，禁止式的(如作出若干行為是被禁止的)、或強制性的(如作出若干行為是實在所需的)。法定謹慎的責任被視為特別關於安全規則、並通常僅是關於就個人傷害作出的申索：Grand Central Car Park Pty Ltd v Tivoli Freeholders [1969] VR 62, (1969) 18 LGRA 140。在決定充作遵守是否符合成文法的規定時，現代法庭並沒有採納嚴格的按照字面解釋的觀點，此外，在另一方面，純粹按照字面的而非實質的遵守並不充分。如作出的較所規定的為多，則被視為已解除責任。會批予履行責任令以命令作出成文法規定所需作出的行為，此外，如欲應用此等規則，法定責任所施加予一方或團體無須是公務人員或公務團體，例如警方：R v Metropolitan Police Cmr, ex p Blackburn [1968] 2 QB 118, 1 All ER 763 (芵國上訴法院)。違反法定責任的行為與任何侵權行為的其他方式無關。 2. 法定責任指由任何國會法令或條例施加的任何責任，但如有關文意另有規定、或在其他情況下另有明訂，則屬例外：《官方法律程序條例》 (第300章) 第2 (2) 條。 |
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