| 单词 | Forwarding agent |
| 释义 | 運輸代理人 An agent who undertakes the shipment or transmission of goods: Lee Cooper Ltd v C H Jeakins & Sons Ltd [1965] 1 All ER 280, [1967] 2 QB 1. A forwarding agent does not obtain possession of the goods and he does not undertake to deliver them. All he does is to act as agent and make the necessary arrangements, so far as is necessary, between the ship and the railway or anything else: Hong Kong Hua Guang Industrial Co v Midway International Ltd & Ors [2000] 2 HKC 348 (CA). A forwarding agent is not a carrier and its rights and liabilities are determined according to the law of agency. A forwarding agent may be liable for failing to properly arrange carriage, but undertakes no duty to supervise the carrier where it is reasonable to expect the carrier to fulfil its obligations: Von Traubenburg v Davies, Turner & Co Ltd [1951] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 179. The forwarding agent is not liable for a carrier’s failure unless the agent knows or becomes aware of that failure and itself fails to mitigate: Marston Excelsior Ltd v Arbuckle Smith & Co Ltd [1971] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 306 (CA). A forwarding agent is under no duty to insure, but sometimes has a duty to advise customers of the proper arrangements for transporting valuable goods: Von Traubenburg v Davies, Turner & Co Ltd, supra. By virtue of trade custom, the forwarding agent incurs personal liability for freight charges, whether transmission is by sea or by air, even for a named principal. After paying the cost of freight, the agent can recover the payment: Perishables Transport Co Ltd v N Spyropoulos (London) Ltd [1964] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 379. A forwarding agent’s duties in relation to goods to facilitate, or at least not to impede, their safe arrival continue after their dispatch: Langley Beldon & Gaunt Ltd v Morley [1965] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 297. The duty is to exercise reasonable care: Pringle of Scotland Ltd v Continental Express Ltd [1962] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 80. See also Agency; Agent; Carriage of goods; Carrier; Goods. 承擔裝運或運送貨物的代理人：Lee Cooper Ltd v C H Jeakins & Sons Ltd [1965] 1 All ER 280, [1967] 2 QB 1。運輸代理人並沒有取得貨物的管有權，並且沒有承擔交付的工作。運輸代理人僅作為代理人並作出所需的安排，即在船隻與鐵路（或船隻與其他任何東西）之間的一切所需的安排：Hong Kong Hua Guang Industrial Co v Midway International Ltd & Ors [2000] 2 HKC 348 （上訴法庭）。運輸代理人並非承運人，其權利與義務按照代理法的規定而定。運輸代理人可能須負上未有恰當安排運戴工具的法律責任，凡可合理地預期承運人會履行其義務，則運輸代理人無需承擔監管承運人的責任：Von Traubenburg v Davies, Turner & Co Ltd [1951] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 179。除非代理人知悉或察覺到承運人的失責，並且本身沒有作出減輕失責後果的作為，否則運輸代理人無需為承運人的失責負上法律責任，：Marston Excelsior Ltd v Arbuckle Smith & Co Ltd [1971] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 306 （芵國上訴法院）。運輸代理人沒有購買保險的責任，但在若干情況下，運輸代理人有責任通知其客戶有關運送貴重貨品的適當安排的事宜：Von Traubenburg v Davies, Turner & Co Ltd, 見上文。憑藉貿易慣例，運輸代理人須承擔運費的個人法律責任（不論是海運或空運運費，甚至是記名委託人的運費）。在支付運費後，代理人可追討有關的款項：Perishables Transport Co Ltd v N Spyropoulos (London) Ltd [1964] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 379。就利便有關貨物而言（或至少不會予以阻撓），運輸代理人有責任確保貨物在發送後能繼續至安全抵達：Langley Beldon & Gaunt Ltd v Morley [1965] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 297。運輸代理人有合理謹慎行事的責任：Pringle of Scotland Ltd v ContinentalExpress Ltd [1962] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 80。另見 Agency; Agent; Carriage of goods; Carrier; Goods。 |
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