| 单词 | Intention |
| 释义 | 意圖 The formation of a purpose or design in mind; the mental act of determining to take some certain action or pursue some certain result. Contract - The state of mind of creating a relationship giving rise to legal rights and obligations. Apart from the presence of parties’ agreement and consideration of the parties, their intention to contract is a necessary contractual element required to create a valid contract: Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571 (CA). Intention to contract has to be ascertained objectively and the subjective or internal intention of any of the parties is not admissible as evidence: Rudolph Robinson Steel Co v Nissho Iwai Hong Kong Corp Ltd & Anor [1998] 1 HKLRD 966 (CFI). The primary evidence in ascertaining the intention of the parties is the contract itself: Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Assn v Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd [1994] HKLY 227. In domestic agreement, intention of parties is ascertained by the language used in the contract as well as the surrounding circumstances in which it was used. The intention of the parties, however, in commercial contract is presumed and the party seeking to deny it carries the burden to rebut it: Ma Ip Hung v Lai Chuen (t/a Kin Hing Factory) [1957] HKLR 32. See also Actual intention; Agreement; Consensus ad idem; Consideration; Construction; Contract; Honour clause; Implied intention; Representation. Criminal law - The mental element required to constitute a crime and to bring about the elements of the crime in question. The object of producing a particular result by an act or omission: Hyam v DPP [1975] AC 55 (HL). Intention is an everyday term that does not require a technical definition. The aim or purpose to bring about the constituent elements of a crime is not to be equated with desire: R v Moloney [1985] AC 905. Intention is not the same thing as motive: Halsbury’s Laws of England (4th Ed), Vol 11(1) para 11. 在思想上組成目的或預謀；決定作出某項特定作為或貫徹某項特定後果的精神行為。 合約 - 建立某種產生法律權利及義務的關係的精神狀態。要設立有效的合約，除了有雙方的協議及代價外，亦須有雙方的締約意圖，作為合約的必需元素：Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571（上訴法院）。須從客觀角度確定締約的意圖，而且雙方的主觀或內在的意圖不得被接納為證據：Rudolph Robinson Steel Co v Nissho Iwai Hong Kong Corp Ltd & Anor [1998] 1 HKLRD 966（高等法院原訴庭）。合約本身是確定雙方的意圖的基本證據：Hong Kong Aircrew Officers Assn v Cathay Pacific Airways Ltd [1994] HKLY 227。就本地協議而言，雙方的意圖可從合約所使用的語言及合約被使用的環境中確定。但在商業合約中，雙方的意圖是法律推定的，而且尋求否定該合約的一方有舉證責任推翻該合約：Ma Ip Hung v Lai Chuen(t/a Kin Hing Factory) [1957] HKLR 32。另見 Actual intention; Agreement; Consensus ad idem; Consideration; Construction; Contract; Honour clause; Implied intention; Representation。 刑法 - 構成某項罪行、並產生該罪行的元素所需的精神元素。企圖以某項作為或不作為達致某項特定後果的目的：Hyam v DPP [1975] AC 55（上議院）。「意圖」一詞屬日用詞語，無需技術上的定義。但企圖產生構成某罪行的因素的目的或作用並不等於「意欲」：R v Moloney [1985] AC 905。「意圖」不等於動機：Halsbury Laws of England（第4版）第11(1)冊第11段。n. |
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