| 单词 | Withdrawal of plea |
| 释义 | 撤回認罪 Substitution of one plea for another. For indictable offences, if the accused pleads guilty and if the magistrate is satisfied that the plea is made voluntarily and with an understanding of the nature of the charge, and he accepts his plea, he shall commit the accused for sentence; the accused shall not afterwards be allowed to withdraw the plea except with the leave of a judge of the Court of First Instance, and no objection shall be taken to any information or complaint to which the accused has pleaded guilty: Magistrates Ordinance (Cap 227) s 81B(1)-(3). An unequivocal guilty plea can be rendered a nullity if any one of the circumstances is applicable: (1) the facts admitted by the defendant do not amount to the offence with which he is charged (R v Li Tung Hing [1992] 2 HKC 427); (2) the admitted facts are equivocal as to guilt (Chan Ching Chi v R [1965] HKLR 598); (3) the plea was tendered to a charge which was defective on its face or invalid or unclear (Cheung Kwok Cheung v R [1982] HKLR 126); (4) the plea was tendered involuntarily, eg induced by duress or misrepresentation or was not an exercise of free choice (HKSAR v Au Yeung Boon Fai [1999] 3 HKC 605); (5) the plea was induced by fraud or made under a fundamental mistake (HKSAR v Li Wa San [2000] 1 HKLRD A7); or (6) the plea did not result from a deliberate and informed decision (HKSAR v Li Wa San, supra): HKSAR v Wong Chi Yuk [2000] 3 HKLRD 125 (CA). Where the accused was misrepresented to, misled or induced by the authorities (such as the police or immigration officers) into pleading guilty to the charge, and later applies to withdraw his plea, the magistrate is under a duty to embark upon an enquiry into the allegation made by the appellant as justice requires: R v Wong Pak Ki [1987] 2 HKC 254. A plea may be withdrawn at the discretion of the court at any time before the accused is sentenced: S v Recorder of Manchester [1971] AC 481, [1969] 3 All ER 1230 (HL); S-J v Yuen Lit Ping [1999] 1 HKC 476. The bases upon which the court may allow the accused to withdraw his plea are those which would oblige a court to refuse to accept a plea: R v Lam Yin [1995] 2 HKCLR 124, [1995] 2 HKC 74. There must be something more than that the accused has simply changed his mind and wishes to be tried: R v So Lai-shan & Kong Suet-man (HCMA 747/92, unreported). The burden of proof to establish facts which would justify a plea of guilty being withdrawn is upon the accused: R v Forde [1923] 2 KB 400, 17 Cr App Rep 99 (CCA). Also known as ‘reversal of plea’. See also Plea. 以一項控罪代理另一項控罪。對於可公訴罪行，如被控人承認控罪，且裁判官信納被控人是在自願及明白控罪的性質的情況下承認控罪，則裁判官須將被控人交付判處；而被控人除獲得原訟法庭法官許可外，亦不准在其後撤回認罪，對於被控人已承認控罪的任何告發或申訴，均不得提出反對：《裁判官條例》（第227章）第81(1)至(3)條。如出現以下任何情況，將令致明確承認控罪無效：(1)被告人承認的事實並未達致其被起訴的罪行（v Li Tung Hing [1992] 2 HKC 427）；(2)就罪名而言，所承認的事實含糊不清（Chan Ching Chi v R [1965] HKLR 598）；(3)該控罪乃基於表面有缺陷或不正確或不明確的起訴提出的(Cheung Kwok Cheung v R [1982] HKLR 126)；(4)該控罪是在非自願情況下提出的，如被脅迫或失實陳述所勸誘，或未行使自由選擇（(HKSAR v Au Yeung Boon Fai [1999] 3 HKC 605)；(5) 該控罪乃因欺詐所引致或以基礎性錯誤為基礎而提出(HKSAR v Li Wa San [2000] 1 HKLRD A7)；或(6) 該控罪並非基於謹慎及全面的決定而提出(HKSAR v Li Wa San,見上文)：HKSAR v Wong Chi Yuk [2000] 3 HKLRD 125 （上訴法院）。凡被控人因受到主管當局（如警察或移民官員）失實陳述、誤導或引誘而承認起訴的控罪，而後又撤回認罪，則裁判官有責任於法官要求時，就上訴人作出的指稱開展查詢：R v Wong Pak Ki [1987] 2 HKC 254。法院可於判決被控人前任何時間，酌情撤回控罪：S v Recorder of Manchester [1971] AC 481, [1969] 3 All ER 1230（上議院）; S-J v Yuen Lit Ping [1999] 1 HKC 476。法院允許被控人撤回其認罪的理由應能迫使法院拒絕接納控罪：R v Lam Yin [1995] 2 HKCLR 124, [1995] 2 HKC 74。被控人不能僅僅因為改變想法，希望受審就撤回認罪：R v So Lai-shan & Kong Suet-man（高院裁判法院1992年第747號，未經彙報)。被控人負有確立證明撤回一項控罪公正的事實證據的舉證責任：R v Forde [1923] 2 KB 400, 17 Cr App Rep 99（英國刑事上訴法院）。另稱「推翻認罪」。另見 Plea。 |
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