| 单词 | Witness statement |
| 释义 | 證人陳述書 A written record containing the whole of the witness’s evidence in the detail in which the witness would have given it if his evidence had been elicited by oral questions at the trial: Ng Kam Chun, Stephen (t/a Chun Mou Estate Agency Co) v Chan Wai Hing, Janet & Ors (HCA 3036/92, unreported). It may be adopted by the witness in giving evidence or treated as his evidence: Evidence Ordinance (Cap 8) s 51(3). Any hearsay in the witness statement will only be admissible at the hearing if there is compliance with the provisions of the Evidence Ordinance: Evidence Ordinance (Cap 8) s 47A. Although a party may be permitted to file a supplemental witness statement to clarify an earlier statement or fill in gaps in that statement, he will only rarely and in exceptional circumstances be permitted to amend his witness statement to change his evidence: Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft (Hong Kong) v Peregrine Fixed Income Ltd (in liq) (CACV 296/2002, unreported). The court may direct the parties to exchange witness statements: The Rules of the High Court (Cap 4A) O 38 r 2A(2). The statement should be dated, signed by the intended witness and include a statement by him that the contents are true to the best of his knowledge and belief; sufficiently identify any documents referred to; and be exchanged simultaneously: O 38 r 2A(4). Witness statements that are exchanged remain confidential until the witness makes the statement public by verifying it on oath or affirmation in the witness box: Jardine Freight Services (HK) Ltd (formerly known as Dynamic Freight Services (HK) Ltd) v A Class Fashion Manufactory (CACV 215/94, unreported). The witness statement should not be ordered to stand as evidence-in-chief where the witness’s evidence is likely to be controversial or the witness’s credibility is likely to be in issue: Mercer v Chief Constable of the Lancashire Constabulary [1991] 2 All ER 504, 1 WLR 367 (CA). 詳細載有證人全部證據的書面記錄，如審訊中的口頭提問引出其證據，該證人亦將如此作供：Ng Kam Chun, Stephen (t/a Chun Mou Estate Agency Co) v Chan Wai Hing, Janet & Ors（高院民事訴訟1992年3036號，未經彙報）。證人可在提供證據的過程中採用證人陳述書，或將該證人陳述書視為該證人的證據：《證據條例》（第8章）第51(3)條。僅在遵從證據條例規定的情況下，證人陳述書中的傳聞證據才在聆訊具有可接納性：《證據條例》（第8章）第47A條。雖然一方可能獲准送交一份補充證人陳述書，以闡明一份較早前的陳述書，或填補該份陳述書中的空缺，他僅在罕有及例外的情況下才被允許修訂其證人陳述書以更改證據：Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft (Hong Kong) v Peregrine Fixed Income Ltd (in liq)（民事上訴2002年第296號，未經彙報）。法庭可指示各方交換證人陳述書：《高等法院規則》（第4A章）第38號命令第2A(2)條規則。陳述書須註明日期，由擬作為證人的人簽署，陳述書亦須包括一項由該人作出的陳述，述明就他所知所信陳述書內容屬於真實；須足以識別其中所提述的任何文件；及須同時作交換：第38號命令第2A(4)條規則。作交換的證人陳述書須繼續保密，直至證人透過宣誓核實或在證人台確認公開該陳述書：Jardine Freight Services (HK) Ltd (formerly known as Dynamic Freight Services (HK) Ltd) v A Class Fashion Manufactory（民事上訴1994年第215號，未經彙報）。在證人證據可能引起爭論，或證人可信性可能遭受爭議的情況下，證人陳述書不應作為直接證據的備選資料：Mercer v Chief Constable of the Lancashire Constabulary [1991] 2 All ER 504, 1 WLR 367（英國上訴法院）。 |
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