单词 | Intellectual freedom |
释义 | 學術自由 Generally, the liberty to define one’s own subjects of study and to teach the results of those studies. Intellectual freedom has contemporary relevance in liberal-democratic societies in the bio-ethics fields, where there is some degree of legislative regulation of medical experimentation. It is of greater significance in authoritarian or totalitarian societies, where intellectual freedom is fettered by the official state ideology. In Hong Kong, intellectual freedom is not curtailed by any official ideology. Everyone is entitled to hold opinions without interference, and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through any media of his choice: Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap 383) s 8 art 16. Also known as ‘academic freedom’. See also Freedom of expression; Freedom of speech. 一般而言,指有自由去界定個人本身的學習科目及教導從此等科目而得的結果。在自由民主的社會中,如醫學實驗受某程度的立法監管,「學術自由」會在有關生命倫理的範疇中具有現實意義。在獨裁或極權社會中,由於「學術自由」受國家官方的思想抑制,因此此等自由具更大意義。在本港,「學術自由」不受任何官方的思想剝奪。人人有保持意見不受干預之權利,並有權以自己選擇之任何方式,尋求、接受及傳播各種消息及思想:《香港人權法案條例》(第383章)第8條第十六條法案。另見 Freedom of expression; Freedom of speech。 |
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