| 单词 | Market |
| 释义 | 市場 A situation, location or system of communication which provides an opportunity to sell or buy in an orderly way resources, goods, services, stocks and shares, currencies and contracts. A market may involve direct contract of buyers and sellers, or indirect contract through ordering or screen trading. A market may be local, regional, national or world-wide. It may be regulated in respect of time or accessible 24 hours a day all the year round. Procedures may consist simply of buying or selling what is on display, or involve systems of tendering, auction and open-outcry. Payments range from cash to the use of direct debiting, credit cards, cheques, accounts, extended purchase agreements, clearing and settlement systems. See also Market overt. Intellectual property - In passing off, the area of commercial activity within which a business operates. The plaintiff must establish the distinctiveness of his or her product or business in the market comprising prospective customers of the plaintiff or ultimate consumers of the plaintiff’s goods or service: T Oertli Ag v E J Bowman (London) Ltd [1957] RPC 388 (HL). See also Distinctiveness; Market reputation. 指提供以有秩序的方式買賣各項資源、貨物、服務、股票及股份、外幣以及合約機會的通訊情況、位置或系統。任何市場可涉及直接的買賣家合約，或通過訂購或螢光幕交易的間接合約。市場可以屬本地、地區性、國家性或全球性。它可就不同的時間受規管，或可在全年每天24小時都可使用。程序可包括簡單地買賣顯示的貨物，或涉及付款、拍賣或喊價的系統。繳款方式由繳付現金至使用直接支帳付款、信用卡、支票、帳戶、延長購買協議、中央結算系統不等。另見 Market overt。 知識產權 - 以假冒的例子而言，指業務運作的商業活動範圍。原訴人必須為其產品或業務在由原訴人的有效客戶或原訴人產品或服務的最終客戶組成的市場上建立顯著性：T Oertli Ag v E J Bowman (London) Ltd [1957] RPC 388 （上議院）。另見 Distinctiveness; Market reputation。n. |
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