| 单词 | Contract debt |
| 释义 | 合約債項 A fixed amount payable under a contract. A contract debt may be in the nature of a payment unconditionally required by a contract, a debt that has arisen by reason of performance by the promisee, or a debt due under a liquidated damages provision. The creditor may bring an action in debt rather than breach of contract. This action has a number of procedural advantages over an action for damages for breach of contract, particularly in respect of proof and quantification. The unpaid seller was under no duty to mitigate where he elected to sue for the balance of the contract debt and did not seek damages: White and Carter (Councils) Ltd v McGregor [1962] AC 413; Chan Juen v Yu Fook Shung [1987] 3 HKC 539 (HC). A simple contract debt was created by the fact that the advance had been made: Re First Bangkok City Finance Ltd [1987] 2 HKC 335. A mortgage consisted of a personal contract for a debt secured by an estate and the estate was a pledge or security for the debt in equity. It was a simple contract debt unless there was a covenant or bond for its payment: Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp Ltd v Hui Lai Kai & Ors [2000] 4 HKC 597 (DC). See also Action of debt; Debt; Liquidated damages. 根據合約須繳付的固定款額。合約債項可具下述性質：合約無條件地規定的付款、因受承諾人的履行而產生的債項、或根據算定損害賠償條文到期應付的債項。債權人可提出債項訴訟，而不提出違約訴訟；此舉比就違約要求獲得損害賠償的訴訟在程序上有一些優勝之處，特別在證明和量化方面。如未獲得付款的賣方選擇就合約債項的餘額提起訴訟而不尋求損害賠償，他沒有責任減少其損失：White and Carter (Councils) Ltd v McGregor [1962] AC 413; Chan Juen v Yu Fook Shung [1987] 3 HKC 539（高等法院）。簡單合約債項由借貸的事實產生：Re First Bangkok City Finance Ltd [1987] 2 HKC 335。按揭由藉產業權而獲得保證的債項的私人合約構成；在衡平法上，該產業權是該債項的質押或抵押。按揭為一簡單債項，但就其償付另訂有契諾或保證契據則除外：Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp Ltd v Hui Lai Kai & Ors [2000] 4 HKC 597（區域法院）。另見 Action of debt; Debt; Liquidated damages。 |
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