| 单词 | Short delivery |
| 释义 | 不足數之交付 In maritime law, delivery of a lesser quantity of cargo than that shipped on board or shown in the bill of lading. The shipowner is liable in damages for the short delivery, unless protected by contractual provisions: Amoco Oil Co v Parpada Shipping Co Ltd, The George S [1898] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 369. Pro rata freight is payable for short delivery at the agreed destination: Ritchie v Atkinson (1808) 10 East 295. However, the cargo owner can counterclaim for short delivery not caused by excepted perils: Amoco Oil Co v Parpada Shipping Co Ltd, The George S, supra. In the carriage of certain cargoes, such as crude oil, because of their special characteristics, an allowance of loss, caused by sedimentation, evaporation or similar processes, would be provided in the contract of carriage. The charterer is not entitled to deduct from the freight the value of the cargo short delivered, if such short delivery is within the allowance: for example, The Olympic Brilliance [1982] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 205. See also Bill of lading; Cargo; Charterer; Contract of carriage; Freight; Pro rata freight; Rate of freight. 在海事法，交付較裝船或在提單顯示的數量為少的貨物。除非受合約條文的保障，船東須對不足數之交付負上支付損害賠償的法律責任：Amoco Oil Co v Parpada Shipping Co Ltd, The George S [1898] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 369。應在協定的目的地就不足數之交付支付按比例運費：Ritchie v Atkinson (1808) 10 East 295。但貨物擁有人可就並非由屬於例外的嚴重危險導致的不足數之交付，進行反申索：Amoco Oil Co v Parpada Shipping Co Ltd, The George S, 見上文。在運輸若干貨物例如原油時，鑒於其特性，會在運輸合約規定由沉積、蒸發或相類的過程導致損失的補償津貼。如有關的不足數之交付在補償津貼範圍之內，租船人並沒有從不足數交付之貨物價值上扣減運費的權利：例如The Olympic Brilliance [1982] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 205。另見 Bill of lading; Cargo; Charterer; Contract of carriage; Freight; Pro rata freight; Rate of freight。 |
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