| 单词 | Conversion of cheques |
| 释义 | 將支票轉為己用 Payment by a bank of the value of a cheque to someone other than the true owner is an act which is inconsistent with the latter’s true rights. Holders of cheques, as payees or endorsees, may collect payment on their cheques by processing them through their own banks as collecting bank for the cheques, which in turn presents them to the bank upon which the cheques have been drawn, that is, by the paying bank. Payment by a bank to a person other than the true owner may render it liable for the tort of conversion or for an action for money paid and received. Statutory protection for banks is designed partly to correct the inevitability of such happenings in the processing of the limitless number of cheques which are cleared daily by them; for example, a defence is possible if it can be shown the bank acted in good faith and without negligence: Bills of Exchange Ordinance (Cap 19) ss 83, 86; Akrokerri (Atlantic) Mines Ltd v Economic Bank [1904-7] All ER Rep 1054. See also Cheque book; Conversion. 銀行將支票上的款項支付給真實的擁有人以外的人的行為，該行為與真實擁有人的實際權利無關。支票的持有人，比如收款人或被背書人，可以將其支票提示給自己的開戶行來收取款項，然後，該開戶行將支票提示給簽發支票的銀行請求付款。銀行將票款支付給非真實擁有人的行為可能會造成將支票轉為己用的法律責任，或因款項的支付和接受而產生訴訟。設立對銀行法定保護的目的部分在於補救銀行在大量支票的日常結算過程中必然出現的意外。例如，銀行可以以自己的行為善意並無疏忽作為自己抗辯的理由：《匯票條例》（第19章）第83及86條； Akrokerri (Atlantic) Mines Ltd v Economic Bank [1904-7] All ER Rep 1054。另見 Cheque book; Conversion。 |
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