| 单词 | Unfair preference |
| 释义 | 不公平的優惠 Any acts done by a person or company, when bankruptcy or insolvency is imminent, to a particular creditor or guarantor, so that the latter is put in a better position than he would have been if the debtor became bankrupt or insolvent. A debtor gives an unfair preference to a person if that person is one of the debtor’s creditors or a surety or guarantor for any of his debts or other liabilities, and the debtor does anything or suffers anything to be done which (in either case) has the effect of putting that person into a position which, in the event of the debtor’s bankruptcy, will be better than the position he would have been in if that thing had not been done: Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap 6) s 50(3). If he has at a relevant time given an unfair preference to any person, the trustee may apply to the court for an order for restoring the position to what it would have been if that debtor had not given that unfair preference, if the court finds that the debtor who gave the unfair preference was influenced in deciding to give it by a desire to produce in relation to that person the effect in s 50(3)(b). Under the unfair preference provisions, it is no longer necessary to establish a dominant intention to prefer; it is sufficient that the decision was influenced by the desire to put the creditor into a position which, in the event of the company going into insolvent liquidation, would be better than the position he would have been in if preference had not been made: Re M C Bacon Ltd [1990] BCLC 324, BCC 78. See also Running account; Voidable transaction; Winding up. 在即將出現破產或無力償債的情況下，任何人或公司向特定債務人或保證人作出的任何行為，因而後者在該債務人破產或無力償債時，可置於較正常情況更佳的狀況。如有以下情況，任何債務人即屬將不公平的優惠給予任何人：該人是該債務人的其中一名債權人或是該債務人的任何債項或其他負債的保證人或擔保人；及該債務人作出任何事情或容受作出任何事情，而（在任何其中一種情況下）該等事情具有將該人置於比假若該人不曾作出該等事情便本會出現的狀況較佳的狀況的效力：《破產條例》（第6章）第50(3)條。如他在有關的時間給予任何人不公平的優惠，如有關法庭裁斷給予該項不公平的優惠的債務人希望對該人產生第(3)(b)款所述的效力、並在決定給予該項優惠時受如此的希望影響，則受託人可向法庭申請一項法令，以回復有關債務人猶如沒有給予有關的不公平的優惠所應有的狀況。根據有關不公平優惠的條文，現時再無需證明主要意圖去作出優惠；如有關的決定受到下列的意欲影響：使債權人在公司無力償債清盤的情況下，置於不曾作出優惠便本會出現的狀況較佳的狀況，即已足夠：Re M C Bacon Ltd [1990] BCLC 324, BCC 78。另見 Running account; Voidable transaction; Winding up。 |
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