| 单词 | Rebuttable presumption |
| 释义 | 可反駁的推定 A legal rule to be applied by the court in the absence of conflicting evidence: Joseph Constantine SS Line Ltd v Imperial Smelting Corp Ltd [1942] AC 154, [1941] 2 All ER 165 (HL). Rebuttable presumptions of law may be created by enactment (for example, Dangerous Drugs Ordinance (Cap 134) s 47(1), (2)), or may exist at common law, and may cast either a legal or an evidential burden on the party seeking to rebut the presumption, except that it is a rule of the common law that (save in the case of a defence of insanity) the accused cannot be required to discharge the legal burden of proof (Woolmington v DPP [1935] AC 462, [1935] All ER Rep 1 (HL)). Where two inconsistent rebuttable presumptions arise they neutralise each other, and the issue must be decided upon the evidence actually adduced: Taylor v Taylor [1967] P 25, [1965] 1 All ER 872. Where there is a rebuttable presumption of law in favour of one party, the burden of rebutting it lies upon the other: for example, Bills of Exchange Ordinance (Cap 19) s 30(2). See also Evidence in rebuttal. 在沒有互相抵觸的證據下，由法院應用的法律的規則：Joseph Constantine SS Line Ltd v Imperial Smelting Corp Ltd [1942] AC 154， [1941] 2 All ER 165 （上議院）。法律可反駁的推定可由成文法則產生（例如《危險藥物條例》（第134章）第 47(1)及(2)條），或在普通法存在，或可使謀求反駁推定的當事人有法律或證明的責任，除屬於普通法的規則外（除以精神錯亂為抗辯的案件外），即不可要求被告解除證明的法律責任(Woolmington v DPP [1935] AC 462，25 Cr App Rep 72（上議院）) 。凡出現兩個互相矛盾的可反駁的推定，兩者互相中和，及必須基於實際上被援引的證據判定有關的問題：Taylor v Taylor [1967] P 25，[1965] 1 All ER 872。如出現有利於一方的可反駁的推定，反駁的責任在於他方： 例如《匯票條例》（第19章）第30(2)條。另見 Evidence in rebuttal。 |
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