| 单词 | Equitable mortgage |
| 释义 | 衡平法按揭 A mortgage, enforceable in a court of equity. It is a contract which creates a charge on the property but does not convey any legal estate or interest to the creditor, such charge amounts to an equitable interest: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 16, Land [230.0640]. Equitable mortgages may arise in a number of different ways: for example, a mortgage of an equitable interest in property, such as a second or subsequent mortgage of land; a mortgage by deposit of title deeds; an agreement to grant a mortgage; or an attempted legal mortgage which fails for want of a deed. In such cases, the requirements of equity for a decree of specific performance must be met in order for the mortgage to be enforceable. This means there must be acts of part-performance, or a sufficient note of memorandum of the mortgage, together with the advance of the money which the mortgage is intended to secure. Generally, the recognition of an equitable mortgage is based on the maxim that equity regards as done that which ought to be done. It may be contrasted with an agreement merely to use a particular fund in a particular manner, which does not otherwise amount to an appropriation of that fund to the debt or other obligation: Swiss Bank Corp v Lloyds Bank Ltd [1981] 2 All ER 449, [1982] AC 584 (HL). In cases of equitable mortgages of pre-sold units of properties where Government grant conditions have yet to be complied with, under the Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap 219) s 46, where an equitable interest becomes a legal estate upon compliance of the Government grant conditions under s 14, any equitable mortgage by deed over that equitable interest shall become a legal charge over that legal estate in the same terms as are contained in that deed. See also Equitable estate; Equity; Equity of redemption; Holroyd v Marshall, rule in; Legal estate; Part performance; Specific performance. 可由衡平法法院強制執行的按揭。此等按揭是可把財產設定押記的合約，但不會將任何法律上的產權或權益轉移予有關的債權人，此等押記相當於衡平法權益：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, 第16冊，土地，第 [230.0640]段。有若干不同的途徑可產生衡平法按揭：例如把財產的衡平法權益作按揭（例如第二按揭或加按）；以寄存所有權契據的方式作按揭；批出按揭的協議；或因欠缺契據而不能成立的企圖訂立的法律上的按揭。在此等情況下，必須符合衡平法強制履行令的規定，才可強制執行有關的按揭。即表示必須有部份履行的行為或有充分的按揭簡略備忘錄，以及連同為意圖保障有關按揭而預支的款項。概括而言，衡平法按揭的確認是基於「衡平法把應做的事情當作為已做的事情」的箴言。衡平法按揭可與僅訂明以特定方式運用特定資金的協議有別，此等協議在其他情況下，並不等於對該等資金向有關債務或其他責任的撥配：Swiss Bank Corp v. Lloyds Bank ltd. [1981] 2 All ER 449, [1982] AC 584 （上議院）。就未符合政府批地條件的預售樓宇單位的衡平法按揭而言，《物業轉易及財產條例》（第219章）第46條指出，如衡平法權益根據該條例第14條所規定的政府批地條件成為法律上的產業權，則就該衡平法權益而以契據作出的任何衡平法按揭，即成為在該等法律上的產業權上的法律押記，正如以載於該等契據的相同條款。另見 Equitable estate; Equity; Equity of redemption; Holroyd v Marshall, rule in; Legal estate; Part performance; Specific performance。 |
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