| 单词 | Valuation |
| 释义 | 估值 1. The act or process of ascertaining the worth of a thing. 2. The assigning of a value to land, property, or assets, in principle to establish the current likely market price. Environment - The valuation of land is significant where individuals claim compensation from the government or public authorities where works done on land have infringed on property rights: for example Roads (Works, Use and Compensation) Ordinance (Cap 370) sch; Land Drainage Ordinance (Cap 446) sch; Railways Ordinance (Cap 519) sch. Family law - Determining the value of property and assets of the parties to the marriage. It is a common practice for independent surveyors or valuers to be appointed to give a valuation of the property or shareholdings in a private company or other assets: Hamlett v Hamlett [1996] 1 HKC 61. The court may appoint an independent surveyor or valuer to provide a valuation on behalf of both parties: Mak Wo Ping v Mak Lam Pui Yuk [1987] 1 HKC 136 (CA). Where the court makes such an order, it has no power, in the absence of agreement between the parties, to order them to be bound by the valuation of one valuer: Brent v Brent [1979] 9 Fam Law 59 (CA). The court will take into account the possibility of a higher valuation of flats purchased under the Home Ownership Scheme upon the expiration of the non-alienation restriction under the Housing Ordinance: Housing Ordinance (Cap 283); Lai Lai Hing v Lai Kwai Ping [1995] 1 HKC 654. It is inappropriate to undertake an expensive and meaningless exercise to obtain a precise valuation of a private company which will not be sold: Evans v Evans [1990] 2 All ER 147, 1 WLR 575. The court is entitled to take into account the value of the respondent’s assets as at the date of its ruling: Janet Patricia Moss v Patrick Ronald Moss (CACV 145/92, unreported). The valuation of property by its very nature is an inexact science. It is based partly on the ascertainment of primary facts such as the size and position of the property, but also on opinion; that is, the application of judgment and experience on the part of the valuer. Where there are two valuations that diverge considerably, the only satisfactory means of resolving the issue on the valuation of the property is to adopt a figure half-way between the valuations given by the two valuers: Hamlett v Hamlett, supra(CA). See also Ancillary proceedings; Property settlement; Surveyor; Valuer. Real property - Both the activity of assessing land value or rent and the reduction of that assessment to written form, including the amount of the valuation. A contract to purchase land ‘at a fair price’ or ‘at a reasonable valuation’ is sufficiently certain, and is enforceable if supported by a memorandum: Brown v Gould [1972] Ch 53, [1971] 2 All ER 1505. The value will be the price at which a transaction would be concluded, after proper negotiation between willing parties. In relation to rent review, the preferred method of valuation is the comparative method by which a limited number of well selected comparable transactions are analysed for their similarities to and differences from the letting of the premises in question, adjustments being made for the differences to arrive at a prevailing market rent for the premises in question as at the relevant date: Union Carbide Asia Ltd v The Hong Kong Land Co Ltd [1982] HKDCLR 75. See also Expert appraisal. 1. 確定某東西的價值的行為或過程。 2. 定出土地、財產或資產的價值，原則上以確立其現時相當可能的市值。 環境 - 當個別人士向政府或公共機構，就政府或該公共機構對有關土地已作出違反產權的工程時，提出補償申索，土地估價有其重要性：例如《道路（工程、使用及補償）條例》（第370章）附表；《土地排水條例》（第446章）附表；《鐵路條例》（第519章）附表。 家庭法 - 決定婚姻當事人的財產和資產的價值。委任獨立的測量師或估值師就某私人公司的財產或股份持有情況或其他資產進行估值屬普遍的做法：Hamlett v Hamlett [1996] 1 HKC 61。法庭可委任一名獨立的測量師或估值師代表訴訟雙方作出估值：Mak Wo Ping v Mak Lam Pui Yuk [1987] 1 HKC 136。如法庭作出該等命令，則在沒有各當事人的協議下，法庭無權作出命令要求他們受某一名估值師的估值約束：Brent v Brent [1979] 9 Fam Law 59 （上訴法院）。法庭會顧及根據居者有其屋計劃購置的單位，在按照《房屋條例》的不得轉讓期限屆滿後，可能會有較高的估值：《房屋條例》（第 283章）；Lai Lai Hing v Lai Kwai Ping [1995] 1 HKC 654。就某間將不會出售的私人公司而言，以昂貴而無意義的方法取得其確切估值，是並不適當的：Evans v Evans [1990] 2 All ER 147, 1 WLR 575。法庭有權顧及答辯人於其裁定日期時的資產價值：Janet Patricia Moss v Patrick Ronald Moss （民事上訴1992年第145號，未經彙報）。根據其實際性質，財產估價是一門不精確的科學。財產估值部分基於主要事實的確定，例如有關財產的大小及位置，另外亦基於意見，即運用估值師的判斷及經驗。如有兩項估價出現相當大的分歧，就財產估值的爭論點而言，唯一令人滿意的解決方法則為：採納兩名估值師所給予的估價的平均數：Hamlett v Hamlett [1996] 1 HKC 61 （上訴法庭）。另見 Ancillary proceedings; Property settlement; Surveyor; Valuer。 土地財產 - 評估土地價值或租金及以書面形式總括此等評估（包括所評估的價格）該兩項活動。「以公平價格」或「以合理評估」作價的土地購買合約為充分確切的合約；如該合約以備忘錄支持，則可被強制執行：Brown v Gould [1972] Ch 53, [1971] 2 All ER 1505。在自願的各方之間恰當地談判後，該估值將會是交易達成時的價格。就租金檢討而言，比較法是更為可取的評估方法，即選出有限數目的合適且可比較的交易，並分析該類交易與所涉及的出租處所的相似及不同的地方，再在不同之處加以調整，使能為所涉及的處所就有關日期訂出現行市價：Union Carbide Asia Ltd v The Hong Kong Land Co Ltd [1982] HKDCLR 75。另見 Expert appraisal。n. |
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