| 单词 | Pro rata clause |
| 释义 | 按比例條款 An averaging clause that may take one of the following two types. One type is that if at the time of loss the sum insured is for an amount less than the insurable value or the policy valuation, the insured is deemed to be his or her own insurer in respect of the uninsured loss (Marine Insurance Ordinance (Cap 329) s 81) and must bear a rateable proportion of the loss accordingly. The other type set out the limits on the insurer’s liability in the event of underinsurance. In order to prevent underinsurance, a condition ‘subject to average’ will often be added to the policy. This clause is implied in a Lloyd’s policy if it is stated to be ‘subject to average’: Acme Wood Flooring Co Ltd v Marten (1904) 20 T.L.R. 229. Similarly, where there is a contract between shipowner and consignee that goods arriving in ships belonging to the shipowner are to be warehoused by the shipowner and kept covered by insurance, an average clause is to be implied: Carreras v Cunard SS Co Ltd [1918] 1 KB 118. Also known as ‘average clause’ or ‘first condition of average’. 可採用下列兩種的其中一種平均條款。其人一種是如在損失時, 凡受保人受保的款額少於可保價值或少於保單的估值，就未受保的餘額而言，受保人即當作為其本人的保險人（《海上保險條例》 （第329章）第s 81條） 及必須相應地依所佔的份額而按比率分擔損失。另外一種則訂於保額不足的情況下, 保險人的法律責任限制。為避免保額不足, 通常會在保單加上 ‘受制於平均原則’的條款’。凡列明為‘受制於平均原則’, 此條款隱含在勞合社的保單中: Acme Wood Flooring Co Ltd v Marten (1904) 90 LT 313. 同樣地, 凡船主與收貨人之間的合約規定以屬於船主的船舶到達的貨物需由船主把貨物存入保稅倉庫, 及在受保的情況下保存, 隱含有平均條款implied: Carreras v Cunard SS Co [1918] 1 KB 118。另稱 「平均條款」或 「平均的第一條件」。 |
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