| 单词 | Leniency |
| 释义 | 寬宥 An exercise of judicial discretion to impose a lesser sentence than would otherwise have been appropriate having regard to all the circumstances of the case, including any mitigating factors and the objectives of sentencing. The courts have both a right and a duty, in regard not only to each crime but also to each criminal, to decide whether to be lenient or severe: R v Ball (1951) 35 Cr App Rep 164. The function of the court is to decide what sentence the offence merits, and then to see if there is any basis for reducing it: A-G v Chan Siu Yun [1995] 2 HKCLR 223 (CA). Leniency may only be interfered with on appeal if it was manifestly unreasonable, based on wrong principle, or otherwise tainted with identifiable error. A guilty plea may justify leniency, usually in terms of a customary discount in sentence: R v Byrne [1997] 1 Cr App R (S) 165. A one-third discount ought usually be given for a guilty plea entered at the first proper opportunity: HKSAR v Lau Sai Kit [1998] 2 HKC 93 (CA). Where the accused pleads guilty, the likelihood of conviction if no plea had been entered, or pleading guilty to offences not known, is relevant to considerations of leniency: S-J v Tsui Kim Ming, Simon (CAAR 4/97, unreported). A maximum discount of two-thirds may be available for the accused whose level of co-operation is such as to place him in the ‘supergrass’ category: R v Chiu Pak Wing [1995] 2 HKC 819 (CA). See also Discount of sentence; Informer; Mitigation; Parity of sentence; Plea in mitigation, Prison informer. 行使司法酌情決定權以判處較輕的刑罰，否則在其他情況下，當顧及案件中所有情況，包括任何減輕刑罰的元素及刑罰的目標後，該刑罰將被視為合適。法庭有權利和義務，不只針對每個案件，同時亦針對每名犯人，以決定該刑罰是否太寬宥或嚴厲：R v Ball (1951) 35 Cr App Rep 164。法庭的作用是裁定該罪行應採取何種刑罰，然後找出可減少刑罰的基準：A-G v Chan Siu Yun [1995] 2 HKCLR 223（上訴法院）。寬宥只會在提出上訴時受到干預，如該項寬宥明顯地不合理、以錯誤的目標作為依據或在其他情況下，受可證明的錯處影響。認罪可具充分理由支持寬宥，一般以習慣性的減少刑罰進行：R v Byrne [1997] 1 Cr App R (S) 165。通常在首個適當的機會時認罪可帶來三分之一的減刑：HKSAR v Lau Sai Kit [1998] 2 HKC 93（上訴法院）。當被告認罪，如沒有認罪時定罪的可能性，或認了不知悉的罪行，與寬宥的考慮有關：S-J v Tsui Kim Ming, Simon（覆核申請1997年第4號，未經彙報）。被告可接受的最大減刑是減去三分之二的刑罰，當該被告的合作程度可達至將其放在「向警方告密者」的組別：R v Chiu Pak Wing [1995] 2 HKC 819（上訴法院）。另見 Discount of sentence; Informer; Mitigation; Parity of sentence; Plea in mitigation, Prison informer。n. |
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