| 单词 | Chain of causation |
| 释义 | 因果序列／因果關係 The series of events which occurs between the negligence of the defendant and the injury suffered by the plaintiff. Damage will be considered too remote if an intervening event breaks the chain of causation. However, an intervening act will not break the chain if the defendant creates the very risks and places the plaintiff in a position in which it is reasonable for him to take the risk or the intervening act itself is foreseeable by the defendant: Kung Kit Shing v Star Synthetic Flower Factory [1987] 2 HKC 523; YiLi Concepts (HKG) Ltd v Lee Wai Chuen, Hong Kong Property Services (Agency) Ltd (HCA 12911/97, unreported). To break the chain of causation there must be something ‘ultroneous, something unwarrantable, a new cause which disturbs the sequence of events, something which can be described as either unreasonable or extraneous or extrinsic’: The Oropesa [1943] P 32; A-G v Ho Hing Mui [1982] 1 HKC 424. Negligent conduct is more likely to break the chain of causation than conduct which is not, positive acts will more easily constitute new causes than inaction: Knightley v Johns [1982] 1 WLR 349; A-G v Ho Hing Mui, supra. See also Causation; Causation at law, Causation in fact; Novus actus interveniens. 於被告人疏忽行為及原告人蒙受損傷之間發生的一連串事情。若介入的事情中斷因果序列，則損害的可預見程度會視為太低。但若被告人造成真正的風險，及將原告人置於某個處境，使該原告人可合理地承擔該風險，或該介入的作為本身可由該被告人預見，則該介入的事情不會中斷因果序列：Kung Kit Shing v Star Synthetic Flower Factory [1987] 2 HKC 523; YiLi Concepts (HKG) Ltd v Lee Wai Chuen, Hong Kong Property Services (Agency) Ltd （高院民事上訴1997年第12911號，未經彙報）。必須是「自發的、未獲許可的事物、干擾事情序刑的新的因由、可稱為不合理或外在的事物」，方可中斷因果序列：The Oropesa [1943] P 32; A-G v Ho Hing Mui [1982] 1 HKC 424。相比不屬疏忽的行為，疏忽行為更相當可能會中斷因果序列，積極的作為會較不作為容易構成新的因由：Knightley v Johns [1982] 1 WLR 349; A-G v Ho Hing Mui, 見上文。另見 Causation; Causation at law, Causation in fact; Novus actus interveniens。 |
| 随便看 |
|
法律词典收录了8080条英汉双解法律词条，基本涵盖了常用法律英语单词及短语词组的翻译及用法，是法律学习的有利工具。