单词 | Contract of carriage |
释义 | 運輸合約 A contract made by or on behalf of a carrier for the carriage by sea of a passenger or of a passenger and his luggage, as the case may be, in exchange for payment of freight or the fare, thus it does not include one which is not for reward: Athens Convention art 1(2); Merchant Shipping (Limitation of Shipowners Liability) Ordinance (Cap 434) s 4(c). It only applies to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill or lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same: Hague-Visby Rules art 1(b). Every contract of carriage of goods by sea, the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, will be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities, and entitled to the rights and immunities set forth in the Hague-Visby Rules: art 2. There was a strong argument that the goods were not under a contract of carriage at the time of any misdelivery: Computronics International (a firm) v Piff Shipping Ltd [1997] 2 HKC 53. A contract of carriage may be proved by a ticket or through a course of dealing. See also Bill of lading; Carrier; Charterparty; Fare; Freight; Goods; Passenger. 由承運人或以其名義訂立的海上旅客運輸或旅客及其行李運輸的合約,但並不包括不涉酬賞的運輸合約:《雅典公約》第1(2)條;《商船(限制船東責任)條例》(第434章)第4(c)條。運輸合約 只適用於涉及海上貨物運輸的提單或任何類似的所有權文件所涵蓋的運輸合約,包括根據或依據租船合約所發出的任何上述提單或類似的所有權文件所涵蓋的運輸合約,並自該提單或類似的所有權文件規管承運人與其持有人的關係之時起對該等運輸合約適用:《海牙-維斯比規則》第1(b)條。根據每份海上貨物運輸合約,承運人就有關貨物的裝載、處理、積載、運輸、保管、照料及卸載,須承擔下文所列的責任及法律責任,並享有下文所列的權利及豁免權:第2條。有一有力的論據,指出在任何錯誤派遞時,貨物則不受運輸合約規範:Computronics International (a firm) v Piff Shipping Ltd [1997] 2 HKC 53。運輸合約的存在可以通過票證或交易過程來證明。另見 Bill of lading; Carrier; Charterparty; Fare; Freight; Goods; Passenger。 |
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