法律英语词汇“Right to silence”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Right to silence
释义	緘默權 The common law right of a suspect not to answer questions asked by the police or other law enforcement officers, whether before or after caution. The right to silence arises particularly once a suspect has been charged and cautioned that he or she is not obliged to answer. Although all persons enjoy the right to silence, ie not to be compelled to testify against himself or to confess guilt (Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap 383) s 8 art 11(2)(g)), this right has been restricted to those charged or convicted of a criminal offence and does not apply to legislation providing for investigatory or inspection powers: Re Tse Chu Fai Ronald [1993] 2 HKLR 453, (1992) 2 HKPLR 266. A refusal to answer should not lead to any adverse inferences being drawn in court as to the suspect’s guilt: Li Defan v HKSAR [2001] 4 HKC 141, [2002] 1 HKLRD 234, 5 HKCFAR 320. However, a witness does not have a right to silence: HKSAR v Poon Siu Wai (HCMA 1012/2001, unreported). 不論是在告誡之前或之後，受疑人在普通法有權不回答由警務人員或其他執法人員法律提出的問題。特別是一旦受疑人被檢控及告誡他不一定要回答，即產生緘默權。儘管所有人享有緘默權，即不得強迫被告自供或認罪（《香港人權法案條例》（第 383章）第 8條第十一(二)(庚)條），此權限於被控或被裁定刑事罪行的人，及不適用於授予調查或審查權力的法例：Ex p Tse Chu-fai, R v Allen [1993] 2 HKLR 453, (1992) 2 HKPLR 266。拒絕回答不應導致在法院會作出任何對受疑人犯罪行為不利的推論：Li Defan v HKSAR [2001] 4 HKC 141, [2002] 1 HKLRD 234, 5 HKCFAR 320)。但證人沒有緘默權：HKSAR v Poon Siu Wai（高院裁判法院上訴2001年第1012號，未經彙報）。
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