| 单词 | Self-dealing |
| 释义 | 自行買賣／自行交易 The practice of a person who is under an equitable (usually fiduciary) obligation engaging in a transaction for his or her own benefit. For example, where a trustee purchases trust property from himself (Tito v Waddell (No 2) [1977] Ch 106, 3 All ER 129), or where a trustee concurs in a transaction in which he has an interest and which cannot be carried into effect without his concurrence (Re Thompson’s Settlement, Thompson v Thompson [1986] Ch 99, [1985] 2 All ER 720). In this case, unless the transaction is sanctioned by the court or concurred in by all the persons beneficially interested, being of full age and free from disability (Sun Sek Haw & Ors v Au So Kum [1999] 3 HKC 92), the ‘self-dealing rule’ applies, ie the beneficiary may have the sale set aside, however fair the transaction is (Tang Ying Ki v Maxtime Transportation Ltd [1996] 3 HKC 257). Even in the context of the self-dealing rule, it is recognised that only in most extraordinary circumstances will the court refuse to set aside a purchase of trust property by a trustee at the instance of the beneficiary, other than in a case where the trustee had successfully raised against the beneficiary a defence of delay or laches: Tito v Waddell (No 2), supra. See also Keech v Sandford principle. 根據衡平責任（通常是受託責任），為自己的利益進行交易行為的人。例如信託人向自己購買信託財物（Tito v Waddell (No 2) [1977] Ch 106, 3 All ER 129），或信託人贊同他有利益關係及在沒有他的同意下，不可施行的交易 （Re Thompson’s Settlement, Thompson v Thompson [1986] Ch 99, [1985] 2 All ER 720）。 在此等情況下，除非有關的交易由法院認可或由所有有利益的人認可（必須成年及沒有無行為能力）(Sun Sek Haw & Ors v Au So Kum [1999] 3 HKC 92)，否則「自行買賣／自行交易」原則適用，即無論交易有多公平，受益人可取消有關的售賣：Tang Ying Ki v Maxtime Transportation Ltd [1996] 3 HKC 257。即使在自行買賣／自行交易的文意中，所確認的是，只有在最例外的情況下，法院才會拒絕取消由信託人在應受益人之請下購買的信託財物，而非在信託人已成功提出針對受益人的延遲或就行使權利方面的疏忽延誤的抗辯的情況：Tito v Waddell (No 2),見上文。另見 Keech v Sandford principle。 |
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