| 单词 | Service of process |
| 释义 | 送達法律程序文件 The act of delivering or exhibiting a writ, summons, complaint, notice, or order by an authorised person to a person party to an official proceeding. Service of process, whether it be originating process or process in pending proceedings, is an essential procedural step in properly constituted judicial proceedings: R v London County Quarter Sessions Appeals Committee, ex p Rossi [1956] 1 QB 682, 1 All ER 670 (CA). The object of service is to give notice to the party who will or may be affected by the court’s judgment or order, so that he may be aware of, and may be enabled to resist, that which is sought against him: Porter v Freudenberg, Kreglinger v S Samuel and Rosenfeld, Re Merten’s Patents [1915] 1 KB 857 (CA). Service of process is the basis of jurisdiction in actions in personam. It is completed when a copy of the notice is served on the original is shown. Service of process may be constructive, personal, by publication, or substituted. See also Complaint; Notice; Order; Summons; Waiver of service; Writ. 由經授權的人向法定司法程序的與訟人交付或出示令狀、傳票、申訴、通告或命令的行為。送達法律程序文件（無論是原訴法律程序文件或待決的法律程序文件）是構成良好成司法法律程序的重要的程序階段：R v London County Quarter Sessions Appeals Committee, ex p Rossi [1956] 1 QB 682, 1 All ER 670（英國上訴法院）。送達的目的在於向將會或可被法院判決或命令影響的與訟一方發出通告，因而他可知悉謀求針對他的事宜及可進行反抗：Porter v Freudenberg, Kreglinger v S Samuel and Rosenfeld, Re Merten’s Patents [1915] 1 KB 857（英國上訴法院）。送達法律程序文件是對人訴訟管轄的依據。當出示原來通告的文本時，則完成送達。送達法律程序文件可以是法律構定，以面交方式送達，藉公布送達或替代送達。另見 Complaint; Notice; Order; Summons; Waiver of service; Writ。 |
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