| 单词 | Error of fact |
| 释义 | 事實上的錯誤 An error made by a decision maker about the existence of a particular fact. Generally, a simple error of fact is not a ground for judicial review: R v Hillington London BC ex p Pulhofer [1986] AC 484 (HL); R v Independent Television Commission ex p TSW Broadcasting Ltd (The Times, 30 March 1992, unreported); Wandsworth London BC v A [2000] 1 WLR 1246 (CA). A finding of precedent fact will involve the decision maker deciding on the extent of his powers or authority and accordingly errors of precedent are liable to review and correction by the courts on all available materials: Eshugbayi Eleko v Government of Nigeria [1931] AC 662 (HL); Liversidge v Anderson [1984] AC 206 (HL); R v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex p Khawaja [1984] AC 84 (HL); Tan Te Lam v Superintendent of Tai A Chau Detention Centre [1996] 6 HKPLR 13, [1997] AC 97 (PC). The court has jurisdiction to quash a decision reached as a result of a misunderstanding or ignorance of an established and relevant fact: R v Criminal Injuries Compensation Board ex p A [1999] 2 AC 330 (HL); R (on the application of Alconbury Development Ltd) v Secretary of State for the Environment Transport and the Regions [2001] 2 WLR 1389 (HL). A conclusion of fact unsupported by evidence or not based upon possible inferences from the facts found involves an error of law on the part of the decision maker: Edwards v Bairstow [1956] AC 14 (HL); Hemns v Wheeler [1948] 2 KB 61; Din (Taj) v Wandsworth London BC [1983] 1 AC 657 (HL); Reid v Secretary of State for Scotland [1999] 2 AC 512 (HL). See also Error of law; Finding of fact; No evidence rule; Question of fact; Question of law. 決策者就個別事實的存在所犯的錯誤。概括而言，簡單的事實上的錯誤並非司法覆核的理由：R v Hillington London BC ex p Pulhofer [1986] AC 484 （上議院）；R v Independent Television Commission ex p TSW Broadcasting Ltd （《時代日報》1992年3月30日，未經彙報）；Wandsworth London BC v A [2000] 1 WLR 1246（芵國上訴法院）。就裁斷主要事實而言，決策者會按照其權力或權限的範圍作出裁決，而判例上的錯誤相應地必須受司法覆核及法院可藉可動用的資源對其作出更正：Eshugbayi Eleko v Government of Nigeria [1931] AC 662（上議院）；Liversidge v Anderson [1984] AC 206（上議院）；R v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex p Khawaja [1984] AC 84（上議院）；Tan Te Lam v Superintendent of Tai A Chau Detention Centre [1996] 6 HKPLR 13, [1997] AC 97（樞密院）。有法院有司法管轄權撤銷因誤解或不知悉已確立並相關的事實而達成的決定：R v Criminal Injuries Compensation Board ex p A [1999] 2 AC 330（上議院）；R (on the application of Alconbury Development Ltd) v Secretary of State for the Environment Transport and the Regions [2001] 2 WLR 1389（上議院）。凡事實的審結沒有證據支持或並非基於從既有事實可得的推斷，則該決策者犯了法律錯誤：Edwards v Bairstow [1956] AC 14 （上議院）；Hemns v Wheeler [1948] 2 KB 61；Din (Taj) v Wandsworth London BC [1983] 1 AC 657 （上議院）；Reid v Secretary of State for Scotland [1999] 2 AC 512 （上議院）。另見 Error of law; Finding of fact; No evidence rule; Question of fact; Question of law。 |
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