法律英语词汇“Assignment”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Assignment
释义	轉讓 A transfer of rights or liabilities such as those that arise under an instrument, chose in action, or debt. Contract - 1. An arrangement in which one of the original parties to a contract transfers his or her benefits and obligations under the contract to a third party. Assignments of a contract may be effected, by novation where the debtor, creditor, and assignee each agree that in future the debtor is to regard the assignee as the creditor: Scarf v Jardine (1882) 7 App Cas 345; Rasabora Ltd v JCL Marine Ltd, Atkinson & Ors JCL Marine Ltd [1977] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 645; by equitable assignment by which the creditor assigns the benefit of a contractual right owed by the debtor to an assignee by demonstrating an intention to assign: William Brandt’s Son & Co v Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd [1905] AC 454 (HL); or by statutory assignment in which the creditor assigns a right to a debtor by complying with the statutory requirement: Law Amendment and Reform (Consolidation) Ordinance (Cap 23) s 9; Honour Finance Co Ltd v Chan Yan Pak [1988] HKC 864 (HC). A statutory assignment must be absolute and in writing and a written notice must be given to the debtor. 2. An assignment of debt is the transfer by a debtor to a third party of obligations under a debt owed to another person. An assignment of debt may only be effected by novation: Tolhurst v Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers (1900) Ltd [1902] 2 KB 660 (CA). See also Absolute assignment; Assignment by operation of law; Debt; Equitable assignment; Novation. Deeds - The transfer of a legal interest or property. At law, an assignment of a chose in action requires: an absolute transfer, in writing and signed by the assignor, with notice in writing given to the person from whom the assignor is entitled to receive the debt or chose in action: Law Amendment and Reform (Consolidation) Ordinance (Cap 23) s 9. Equity will consider a voluntary assignment valid (‘complete’) where the intending donor has done what is sufficient to enable an effectual legal transfer without further action on his or her part: Milroy v Lord [1861-1873] All ER Rep 783, (1862) 4 De GF & J 264; Tung Kun Sheng v Chow Oi Lin [1996] 4 HKC 734 (HC). A purported assignment for value that fails at law will take effect as an immediate equitable assignment, on the basis that equity regards, as done that which ought to be done. See also Chose in action; Debt. Tort - The transfer of a right to sue for the damages to be recovered. Assignment of a right of action is not confined to cause of action in tort: Trendtex Trading Corp & Anor v Credit Suisse [1982] AC 679 (HL). A right of action in tort is not generally assignable, in order to prevent maintenance and champerty: Defries v Milne [1913] 1 Ch 98 (CA). A plaintiff may transfer to another the damages to be recovered in his or her action in tort, as distinct from the cause of action itself: Glegg v Bromley [1912] 3 KB 474 (CA); Halsbury’s Laws of England Vol 45, Tort, para 1230. Rights of action in tort which pass to the trustee in bankruptcy are assignable by the trustee to a third person, or even to the bankrupt: Ramsey v Hartley & Ors [1977] 2 All ER 673, 1 WLR 686 (CA). Where a plaintiff’s insurers have paid a claim made by him or her in respect of circumstances giving rise to a cause of action in tort against another, they are subrogated to the plaintiff’s right in respect of that tort: King v Victoria Insurance Co Ltd [1896] AC 250 (PC). See also Assignee; Champerty; Maintenance. 根據法律文書、據法權產或債務而作出的權利或責任的轉讓。合約 - 1.原締約一方轉讓其根據合約產生的利益或責任予第三者。轉讓憑約務更替生效，債務人、債權人、承讓人均同意債務人視承讓人為債權人：Scarf v Jardine (1882) 7 App Cas 345; Rasabora Ltd v JCL Marine Ltd, Atkinson & Ors JCL Marine Ltd [1977] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 645；透過衡平法上的轉讓，債權人藉表示有意圖轉讓，而將債務人所欠的合約上權利的利益轉讓予承讓人：William Brandt’s Son & Co v Dunlop Rubber Co Ltd [1905] AC 454（上議院）；或透過法定轉讓，債權人藉遵從法律規定將權利轉讓予債務人：《法律修訂及改革（綜合）條例》（第23章）第9條；Honour Finance Co Ltd v Chan Yan Pak [1988] HKC 864（高等法院）。法定轉讓必須屬絕對的，以書面形式作出，及向債務人發出通知。　2.債務轉讓指債務人將其對他人負有的債項的法律責任轉讓予第三者。債務轉讓只能憑約務更替轉讓：Tolhurst v Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers (1900) Ltd [1902] 2 KB 660（英國上訴法院）。另見 Absolute assignment; Debt; Equitable assignment; Novation; Assignment by operation of law。契據 - 轉讓法律上利益或產業。在法律上，轉讓據法權產必須是絕對轉讓，以書面形式作出，及由轉讓人簽名向有權接收債款或據法權產的人發出通知：《法律修訂及改革（綜合）條例》（第23章）第9條。凡有意贈與人已作出足以使法律上轉讓有效，而無需該贈與人進一步採取行動，則衡平法認為該等自願轉讓屬有效（即「完成」）：Milroy v Lord [1861-1873] All ER Rep 783, (1862) 4 De GF & J 264; Tung Kun Sheng v Chow Oi Lin [1996] 4 HKC 734（高等法院）。看來是有價的轉讓在法律上不成立，但會作為衡平法的當前轉讓而生效，基於衡平法將應做的事情視作已做的事情。另見 Chose in action; Debt。侵權 - 　　轉讓訴訟追討損害賠償的權利。轉讓訴訟權利不限於侵權訴因：Trendtex Trading Corp & Anor v Credit Suisse [1982] AC 679（上議院）。侵權訴訟權利一般不可轉讓，為免繼續進行訴訟或助訟：Defries v Milne [1913] 1 Ch 98（英國上訴法院）。原告人可向他人轉讓侵權訴訟追討的損害賠償，有別於訴因：Glegg v Bromley [1912] 3 KB 474（英國上訴法院）；Halsbury’s Laws of England, 第45冊，侵權，第1230段。破產中轉予信託人的侵權訴訟權利可轉讓予第三者，甚至破產人：Ramsey v Hartley & Ors [1977] 2 All ER 673, 1 WLR 686（英國上訴法院）。凡原告人的保險公司就引起針對另一人的侵權訴因的情況，支付該原告人所作出的申索，則取代原告人就該侵權行為所產生的權利：King v Victoria Insurance Co Ltd [1896] AC 250（樞密院）。另見 Assignee; Champerty; Maintenance。n.
随便看	Blank cartridge Blank, endorsement in Blank transfer Blasphemous libel Notice of election Notice of intended action Notice of loss Notice of motion Notice of rescission Notice of resumption Notice of trial Notice of writ of summons Notice to admit Notice to appear Notice to complete Notice to produce Notice to quit Notice to set down for trial Notice to show cause Notifiable disease Notification Not less than Not negotiable Not otherwise enumerated Notwithstanding

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