| 单词 | Prior consistent statement |
| 释义 | 先前的相符陳述 A previous representation of a witness that is consistent with the present testimony given by that witness. The general rule that a witness may not state, nor may evidence be given to prove, that he has previously made a statement consistent with his evidence: Evidence Ordinance (Cap 8) s 51(2); R v Lau Man Ching & Anor [1995] 3 HKC 224 (CA). At common law, there are several exceptions to this rule in relation to complaints in sexual cases, where the victim made a complaint shortly after the incident complained of (R v Ng Kam Man [1995] 1 HKC 260, 1 HKCLR 170 (CA); in criminal cases where the accused made a statement when confronted with incriminating facts (Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 12, Evidence [175.376]); where the statement forms part of the res gestae of the matter in issue (Ratten v R [1972] AC 378); where it has been suggested that a witness’s evidence has been recently fabricated (Evidence Ordinance (Cap 8) s 51(2)(b)); and in civil proceedings where a previous statement made by a person called as a witness, other than a statement made while giving oral evidence in those proceedings, is admissible (subject to certain conditions) as evidence of any fact contained in it (s 47(1)). Also known as ‘previous consistent statement’. See also Prior inconsistent statement; Recent invention. 一項一般規則，即 證人不得說他以往曾作出與他的證據相符的陳述，及不得提交證明證人以往曾作出與他的證據相符的陳述：《證據條例》（第8章）第51(2)條；R v Lau Man Ching & Anor [1995] 3 HKC 224 （上訴法院）。就與性有關的申訴，凡受害人在申訴的事件發生後馬上作出投訴，普通法對先前的相符陳述此規則作出多個例外 (R v Ng Kam Man [1995] 1 HKC 260, 1 HKCLR 170 （上訴法院）；在刑事案件中，凡被控人面對著顯示有罪的事實時作出陳述(Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, 第12冊，證據，第[175.376]段)；凡陳述乃組成受爭議事宜的犯罪構成要件者 (Ratten v R [1972] AC 378)；凡證人的證據被指為最近所捏造的 (Bishop of Durham v Beaumont (1808) 1 Camp 207)；及在民事法律程序中，某作出以往陳述的人被傳召作證，一些並非在該些法律程序中所作的口頭證據的陳述，可被接納（受某些條件所限）為該陳述所包含的事實的證據（《證據條例》（第8章）第47(1)條）。另稱「以往的相符陳述」。另見 Prior inconsistent statement; Recent invention。 |
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