| 单词 | Duty in tort |
| 释义 | 侵權法下的責任 The duty owed by a solicitor to persons in a relationship of proximity with the solicitor and arising out of that relationship to exercise reasonable care to avoid negligent conduct causing damage to such persons: Nocton v Lord Ashburton [1914] AC 932 (HL). The requisite relationship of proximity must exist with respect to the allegedly negligent class of act and the particular kind of damage sustained before the solicitor will be liable for breach of the duty of care: Nocton v Lord Ashburton, supra. In the ordinary situation the relationship of solicitor and client is a relationship of proximity involving assumption of responsibility to apply expert knowledge and skill, reliance in that respect by the client, and the foreseeability of a real risk of economic loss: Nocton v Lord Ashburton, supra. It is a relationship of proximity of a kind which may well give rise to a duty of care on the part of the solicitor which requires the taking of positive steps, beyond the specifically agreed professional task or function, to avoid a real and foreseeable risk of economic loss being sustained by the client: Nocton v Lord Ashburton, supra. The scope of a solicitor’s duty in tort is conditioned by the terms of the retainer: Pirelli General Cable Works Ltd v Oscar Faber & Partners [1983] 2 AC 1 (HL). See also Duty in contract; Duty of care; Standard of care. 律師對與其有接近關係的人負有的責任，以及由該等關係產生的責任，即行使合理的謹慎以避免導致損害此等人士的疏忽行為：Nocton v Lord Ashburton [1914] AC 932 (上議院)。指稱的疏忽行為類別和蒙受的特別損害類別 之間，必須存在所需的接近關係，有關的律師才須負上不履行謹慎義務的責任：Nocton v Lord Ashburton, 見上文。在一般情況下，律師和當事人的關係是涉及承擔應用專家知識和技巧的責任（當事人會倚賴行事）的接近關係，以及經濟損失的實在風險的可預見性：Nocton v Lord Ashburton, 見上文。侵權法下的責任是可產生律師的謹慎責任的接近關係，即在特別議定的專業工作或職務之外，須採取積極的步驟，以避免有關當事人蒙受實在而可預見的經濟損失風險：Nocton v Lord Ashburton, 見上文。律師在侵權法上的職責的範圍受聘書的條款規限：Pirelli General Cable Works Ltd v Oscar Faber & Partners [1983] 2 AC 1 (上議院)。另見 Duty in contract; Duty of care; Standard of care。 |
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