| 单词 | Travaux preparatoires |
| 释义 | 預備工作資料 Fr – preliminary documents. The preparatory legislative or drafting history of an instrument. Travaux préparatoires include proceedings of the drafting body and the deliberations of participants of a conference where the treaty is adopted. These extrinsic materials have a formative effect and disclose the parties’ aims and intentions. Such materials can legitimately be used as evidence before a court, and as a secondary means of interpretation of a treaty: Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 art 32. While working papers of delegates or memoranda submitted by them for consideration by the conference at which the instrument was drafted may seldom be helpful, an agreed conference minute of the understanding on the basis of which the draft of an article was accepted may be of great value: Fothergill v Monarch Airlines Ltd [1980] 2 All ER 696, [1981] AC 251 (HL). Although an explanatory report published with the text of an international convention may not be an authoritative interpretation of the convention, it is available as an aid to construction as part of the travaux preparatoires: Read v Secretary of State for the Home Department [1989] LRC (Const) 349 (HL). See also Interpretation; Treaty. 法語 – 初步的文件。文書的籌備立法或草擬歷史。預備工作資料包括草擬機構的議事程序紀錄，及通過條約的會議的參加者的商議。這些外在的資料具有構成效力及披露有關各方的目的及意向。在由法庭審理時，可合法地使用此等資料，並作為詮釋條約的第二方法：《1969年維也納條約法公約》第32條。儘管代表的工作文件或他們提交作為在會議中考慮並草擬有關文書的備忘錄，可能很少會有幫助；但基於協定的會議紀錄作為獲接納條款的草案，則可能極具價值：Fothergill v Monarch Airlines Ltd [1980] 2 All ER 696, [1981] AC 251（上議院）。儘管以某國際公約的文本頒布的解說報告，可能並非公約具權威的釋義；但作為預備工作資料的一部分，可供協助解釋：Read v Secretary of State for the Home Department [1989] LRC (Const) 349（上議院）。另見 Interpretation; Treaty。 |
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